Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions: A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry

Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group; Ronald A Reilkoff

doi:10.1097/PCC.0000000000002760

Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions: A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry

Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group, Ronald A Reilkoff

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of children admitted to the PICU for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. The secondary objective was to identify explanatory factors associated with outcome of critical illness defined by a composite index of in-hospital mortality and organ system support requirement. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Thirty-eight PICUs within the Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study registry from March 2020 to January 2021. PATIENTS: Children less than 18 years with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 394 patients, 171 (43.4%) had multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children were more likely younger (2-12 yr vs adolescents; p < 0.01), Black (35.6% vs 21.9%; p < 0.01), present with fever/abdominal pain than cough/dyspnea (p < 0.01), and less likely to have comorbidities (33.3% vs 61.9%; p < 0.01) compared with those without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Inflammatory marker levels, use of inotropes/vasopressors, corticosteroids, and anticoagulants were higher in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients (p < 0.01). Overall mortality was 3.8% (15/394), with no difference in the two groups. Diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was associated with longer duration of hospitalization as compared to nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (7.5 d[interquartile range, 5-11] vs 5.3 d [interquartile range, 3-11 d]; p < 0.01). Critical illness occurred in 164 patients (41.6%) and was more common in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children compared with those without (55.6% vs 30.9%; p < 0.01). Multivariable analysis failed to show an association between critical illness and age, race, sex, greater than or equal to three signs and symptoms, or greater than or equal to two comorbidities among the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children cohort. Among nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients, the presence of greater than or equal to two comorbidities was associated with greater odds of critical illness (odds ratio 2.95 [95% CI, 1.61-5.40]; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study delineates significant clinically relevant differences in presentation, explanatory factors, and outcomes among children admitted to PICU with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness stratified by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	603-615
Number of pages	13
Journal	Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Volume	22
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000002760
State	Published - Jul 1 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s website (http://journals.lww.com/pccmjournal). Supported, in part, by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and Janssen Research and Development, LLC. Dr. Bjornstad’s institution received funding from the International Society of Nephrology and Bioporto. Drs. Kashyap’s, Ms. Boman’s, Dr. Kumar’s institutions received funding from The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Drs. Kashyap’s, Ms. Boman’s, and Dr. Kumar’s institutions received funding from Janssen and Janssen LLC. Dr. Kashyap receives funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: R01HL 130881, UG3/UH3HL 141722; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Janssen Research and Development, LLC; and royalties from Ambient Clinical Analytics. Inc. Dr. Chiotos funded by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (K12-HS026393). Dr. Heneghan’s institution received funding from Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). Dr Zimmerman’s institution received funding from the NIH, Immunexpress, Seattle, and he received funding from Elsevier Publishing Company. Dr. Kumar receives funding from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation through the University of Washington, and Janssen Research and Development, LLC. Dr. Bhalala currently funded by NIH (site-principal investigator [PI] for Stress Hydrocortisone in Pediatric Septic Shock—R01HD096901), The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (site-PI for Pediatric Resuscitation Quality Collaborative), Voelcker Pilot Grant (PI for a project on prearrest electrocardiographic changes), The Children’s Hospital of San Antonio Endowed Chair Funds for ancillary projects related to SCCM Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS) (coronavirus disease 2019) Registry and SCCM VIRUS electronic medical record automation pilot. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2021 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.

Keywords

Children
Coronavirus disease 2019
Intensive care unit
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Outcomes
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
Humans
Critical Illness
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
Hospitalization
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Adolescent
Critical Care
Registries
Retrospective Studies
Child

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Publisher link

10.1097/PCC.0000000000002760

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Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group, & Reilkoff, R. A. (2021). Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions: A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 22(7), 603-615. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000002760

Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions : A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry. / Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group ; Reilkoff, Ronald A.

In: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 22, No. 7, 01.07.2021, p. 603-615.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group & Reilkoff, RA 2021, 'Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions: A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry', Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 603-615. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000002760

Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group, Reilkoff RA. Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions: A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2021 Jul 1;22(7):603-615. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000002760

Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group ; Reilkoff, Ronald A. / Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions : A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry. In: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2021 ; Vol. 22, No. 7. pp. 603-615.

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abstract = "OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of children admitted to the PICU for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. The secondary objective was to identify explanatory factors associated with outcome of critical illness defined by a composite index of in-hospital mortality and organ system support requirement. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Thirty-eight PICUs within the Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study registry from March 2020 to January 2021. PATIENTS: Children less than 18 years with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 394 patients, 171 (43.4%) had multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children were more likely younger (2-12 yr vs adolescents; p < 0.01), Black (35.6% vs 21.9%; p < 0.01), present with fever/abdominal pain than cough/dyspnea (p < 0.01), and less likely to have comorbidities (33.3% vs 61.9%; p < 0.01) compared with those without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Inflammatory marker levels, use of inotropes/vasopressors, corticosteroids, and anticoagulants were higher in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients (p < 0.01). Overall mortality was 3.8% (15/394), with no difference in the two groups. Diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was associated with longer duration of hospitalization as compared to nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (7.5 d[interquartile range, 5-11] vs 5.3 d [interquartile range, 3-11 d]; p < 0.01). Critical illness occurred in 164 patients (41.6%) and was more common in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children compared with those without (55.6% vs 30.9%; p < 0.01). Multivariable analysis failed to show an association between critical illness and age, race, sex, greater than or equal to three signs and symptoms, or greater than or equal to two comorbidities among the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children cohort. Among nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients, the presence of greater than or equal to two comorbidities was associated with greater odds of critical illness (odds ratio 2.95 [95% CI, 1.61-5.40]; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study delineates significant clinically relevant differences in presentation, explanatory factors, and outcomes among children admitted to PICU with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness stratified by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.",

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T1 - Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions

T2 - A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry

AU - Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS): COVID-19 Registry Investigator Group

AU - Tripathi, Sandeep

AU - Gist, Katja M.

AU - Bjornstad, Erica C.

AU - Kashyap, Rahul

AU - Boman, Karen

AU - Chiotos, Kathleen

AU - Gharpure, Varsha P.

AU - Dapul, Heda

AU - Sayed, Imran A.

AU - Kuehne, Joshua

AU - Heneghan, Julia A.

AU - Gupta, Manoj

AU - Khandhar, Paras B.

AU - Menon, Shina

AU - Gupta, Neha

AU - Kumar, Vishakha K.

AU - Retford, Lynn

AU - Zimmerman, Jerry

AU - Bhalala, Utpal S.

AU - Reilkoff, Ronald A

N1 - Funding Information: Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s website (http://journals.lww.com/pccmjournal). Supported, in part, by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and Janssen Research and Development, LLC. Dr. Bjornstad’s institution received funding from the International Society of Nephrology and Bioporto. Drs. Kashyap’s, Ms. Boman’s, Dr. Kumar’s institutions received funding from The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Drs. Kashyap’s, Ms. Boman’s, and Dr. Kumar’s institutions received funding from Janssen and Janssen LLC. Dr. Kashyap receives funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: R01HL 130881, UG3/UH3HL 141722; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Janssen Research and Development, LLC; and royalties from Ambient Clinical Analytics. Inc. Dr. Chiotos funded by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (K12-HS026393). Dr. Heneghan’s institution received funding from Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). Dr Zimmerman’s institution received funding from the NIH, Immunexpress, Seattle, and he received funding from Elsevier Publishing Company. Dr. Kumar receives funding from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation through the University of Washington, and Janssen Research and Development, LLC. Dr. Bhalala currently funded by NIH (site-principal investigator [PI] for Stress Hydrocortisone in Pediatric Septic Shock—R01HD096901), The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (site-PI for Pediatric Resuscitation Quality Collaborative), Voelcker Pilot Grant (PI for a project on prearrest electrocardiographic changes), The Children’s Hospital of San Antonio Endowed Chair Funds for ancillary projects related to SCCM Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS) (coronavirus disease 2019) Registry and SCCM VIRUS electronic medical record automation pilot. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2021 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.

PY - 2021/7/1

Y1 - 2021/7/1

N2 - OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of children admitted to the PICU for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. The secondary objective was to identify explanatory factors associated with outcome of critical illness defined by a composite index of in-hospital mortality and organ system support requirement. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Thirty-eight PICUs within the Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study registry from March 2020 to January 2021. PATIENTS: Children less than 18 years with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 394 patients, 171 (43.4%) had multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children were more likely younger (2-12 yr vs adolescents; p < 0.01), Black (35.6% vs 21.9%; p < 0.01), present with fever/abdominal pain than cough/dyspnea (p < 0.01), and less likely to have comorbidities (33.3% vs 61.9%; p < 0.01) compared with those without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Inflammatory marker levels, use of inotropes/vasopressors, corticosteroids, and anticoagulants were higher in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients (p < 0.01). Overall mortality was 3.8% (15/394), with no difference in the two groups. Diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was associated with longer duration of hospitalization as compared to nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (7.5 d[interquartile range, 5-11] vs 5.3 d [interquartile range, 3-11 d]; p < 0.01). Critical illness occurred in 164 patients (41.6%) and was more common in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children compared with those without (55.6% vs 30.9%; p < 0.01). Multivariable analysis failed to show an association between critical illness and age, race, sex, greater than or equal to three signs and symptoms, or greater than or equal to two comorbidities among the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children cohort. Among nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients, the presence of greater than or equal to two comorbidities was associated with greater odds of critical illness (odds ratio 2.95 [95% CI, 1.61-5.40]; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study delineates significant clinically relevant differences in presentation, explanatory factors, and outcomes among children admitted to PICU with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness stratified by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

AB - OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of children admitted to the PICU for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. The secondary objective was to identify explanatory factors associated with outcome of critical illness defined by a composite index of in-hospital mortality and organ system support requirement. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Thirty-eight PICUs within the Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study registry from March 2020 to January 2021. PATIENTS: Children less than 18 years with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness with or without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 394 patients, 171 (43.4%) had multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children were more likely younger (2-12 yr vs adolescents; p < 0.01), Black (35.6% vs 21.9%; p < 0.01), present with fever/abdominal pain than cough/dyspnea (p < 0.01), and less likely to have comorbidities (33.3% vs 61.9%; p < 0.01) compared with those without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Inflammatory marker levels, use of inotropes/vasopressors, corticosteroids, and anticoagulants were higher in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients (p < 0.01). Overall mortality was 3.8% (15/394), with no difference in the two groups. Diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was associated with longer duration of hospitalization as compared to nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (7.5 d[interquartile range, 5-11] vs 5.3 d [interquartile range, 3-11 d]; p < 0.01). Critical illness occurred in 164 patients (41.6%) and was more common in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children compared with those without (55.6% vs 30.9%; p < 0.01). Multivariable analysis failed to show an association between critical illness and age, race, sex, greater than or equal to three signs and symptoms, or greater than or equal to two comorbidities among the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children cohort. Among nonmultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children patients, the presence of greater than or equal to two comorbidities was associated with greater odds of critical illness (odds ratio 2.95 [95% CI, 1.61-5.40]; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study delineates significant clinically relevant differences in presentation, explanatory factors, and outcomes among children admitted to PICU with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related illness stratified by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

KW - Children

KW - Coronavirus disease 2019

KW - Intensive care unit

KW - Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

KW - Outcomes

KW - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

KW - Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

KW - Humans

KW - Critical Illness

KW - Intensive Care Units, Pediatric

KW - Hospitalization

KW - COVID-19

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - Adolescent

KW - Critical Care

KW - Registries

KW - Retrospective Studies

KW - Child

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Coronavirus disease 2019-associated picu admissions: A report from the society of critical care medicine discovery network viral infection and respiratory illness universal study registry

Abstract

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