Abstract
A competitive PCR assay (cPCR) was used to quantify swine cytokine responses to parasite infection. Internal standards (deleted cDNA competitor molecules [DcDNA mimics]) were produced and tested for swine interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) from PCR generated cDNA cloned in plasmid vectors. Deletion clones for the cDNA competitor molecules (DcDNA mimics) were generated for IL-10, IL-12 and HPRT by PCR in a single step and verified by (1) amplification of the expected smaller PCR product with the original primers, (2) appropriate fragment size released by restriction digestion of the deleted clone, and (3) correct sequence of the new DcDNA insert. DcDNA mimics were used to quantitate cytokine gene mRNA production during experimental and natural infections of swine with the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Trichuris suis. Mesenteric lymph node cells were collected from control and infected pigs at the time of maximal pathogenicity (35 days after infection) and snap frozen. After RNA extraction, samples were reverse transcribed (RT) to cDNA. cPCR was performed using the housekeeping gene HPRT DcDNA mimic and HPRT specific primers to insure RNA integrity and concentration. Cytokine cDNA content in these samples was then quantitated using cytokine mimics and gene specific primers. IL-10 gene expression in MLN draining the colon of pigs experimentally infected with T. suis increased 10-20 fold at day 35 compared to control pigs. IL-12 gene expression was not detectable in MLN of these pigs, but was detectable in MLN of pigs exposed naturally to T. suis on a contaminated dirt lot that also exhibited signs of secondary bacterial invasion. Swine IL-10 and IL-12 gene expression can be quantitated in local mesenteric tissues. This cPCR assay will enable scientists to quantitate cytokine gene expression in swine and determine the nature of immune responses to important infectious diseases.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 63-74 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Veterinary immunology and immunopathology |
| Volume | 65 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 16 1998 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The authors would like to thank Ms. Elisa Mazzaferro for her expert technical work. We would also like to thank Drs. John Fyfe and Michael Sussman for review and critique of the manuscript. Thanks are given to Drs. Steve Reiner, Dennis Correy and Richard Locksley for allowing Dr. Mansfield to visit their laboratory to become familiar with related techniques. This work was supported by a National Pork Producers Grant and a USDA Animal Health Formula Funds Grant (6881).
Copyright:
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Keywords
- Cytokine
- Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase
- Interleukin-10
- Interleukin-12
- Quantitative RT-PCR
- Trichuris suis
- cDNA competitors