TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparative virulence of wild-type H1N1pdm09 influenza A isolates in swine
AU - Henningson, Jamie N.
AU - Rajao, Daniela S.
AU - Kitikoon, Pravina
AU - Lorusso, Alessio
AU - Culhane, Marie R.
AU - Lewis, Nicola S.
AU - Anderson, Tavis K.
AU - Vincent, Amy L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 .
PY - 2015/3/23
Y1 - 2015/3/23
N2 - In 2009, a novel swine-origin H1N1 (H1N1pdm09) influenza A virus (IAV) reached pandemic status and was soon after detected in pigs worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether differences in the HA protein can affect pathogenicity and antigenicity of H1N1pdm09 in swine. We compared lung pathology, viral replication and shedding and the antigenic relationships of four wild-type H1N1pdm09 viruses in pigs: one human (CA/09) and three isolated in swine after the pandemic (IL/09, IL/10, and MN/10). The swine strains were selected based upon unique amino acid substitutions in the HA protein. All selected viruses resulted in mild disease and viral shedding through nasal and oral fluids, however, viral replication and the degree of pathology varied between the isolates. A/Swine/IL/5265/2010 (IL/10), with substitutions I120M, S146G, S186P, V252M, had lower viral titers in the lungs and nasal secretions and fewer lung lesions. The other two swine viruses caused respiratory pathology and replicated to titers similar to the human CA/09, although MN/10 (with mutations D45Y, K304E, A425S) had lower nasal shedding. Swine-adapted H1N1pdm09 have zoonotic potential, and have reassorted with other co-circulating swine viruses, influencing the evolution of IAV in swine globally. Further, our results suggest that amino acid changes in the HA gene have the potential to alter the virulence of H1N1pdm09 in swine. Importantly, the limited clinical signs in pigs could result in continued circulation of these viruses with other endemic swine IAVs providing opportunities for reassortment.
AB - In 2009, a novel swine-origin H1N1 (H1N1pdm09) influenza A virus (IAV) reached pandemic status and was soon after detected in pigs worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether differences in the HA protein can affect pathogenicity and antigenicity of H1N1pdm09 in swine. We compared lung pathology, viral replication and shedding and the antigenic relationships of four wild-type H1N1pdm09 viruses in pigs: one human (CA/09) and three isolated in swine after the pandemic (IL/09, IL/10, and MN/10). The swine strains were selected based upon unique amino acid substitutions in the HA protein. All selected viruses resulted in mild disease and viral shedding through nasal and oral fluids, however, viral replication and the degree of pathology varied between the isolates. A/Swine/IL/5265/2010 (IL/10), with substitutions I120M, S146G, S186P, V252M, had lower viral titers in the lungs and nasal secretions and fewer lung lesions. The other two swine viruses caused respiratory pathology and replicated to titers similar to the human CA/09, although MN/10 (with mutations D45Y, K304E, A425S) had lower nasal shedding. Swine-adapted H1N1pdm09 have zoonotic potential, and have reassorted with other co-circulating swine viruses, influencing the evolution of IAV in swine globally. Further, our results suggest that amino acid changes in the HA gene have the potential to alter the virulence of H1N1pdm09 in swine. Importantly, the limited clinical signs in pigs could result in continued circulation of these viruses with other endemic swine IAVs providing opportunities for reassortment.
KW - Cross-reactivity
KW - HI
KW - Influenza A virus
KW - Pandemic
KW - Pathology
KW - Swine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84922930918&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84922930918&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.021
DO - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 25601799
AN - SCOPUS:84922930918
SN - 0378-1135
VL - 176
SP - 40
EP - 49
JO - Veterinary Microbiology
JF - Veterinary Microbiology
IS - 1-2
ER -
