Clinical Strategies for Managing Dyslipidemias

Ulf G. Bronas, Dereck Salisbury

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is defined as elevated fasting blood levels of total cholesterol (TC), and its primary lipoprotein carrier—low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), or reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alone, or in combination (mixed dyslipidemia). Dyslipidemia is well known to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. All patients with dyslipidemia should initiate therapeutic lifestyle changes to target lifestyle-related factors such as physical inactivity, dietary habits, and obesity. The combination of a proper dietary plan and regular aerobic exercise has been reported to lower TC, LDL-C, and TG by 7% to 18%, while increasing HDL-C by 2% to 18%. Numerous pharmacological therapies are available and aggressive therapy using a HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase) inhibitor (statins) should be initiated if lifestyle therapy is not enough to achieve optimal lipid levels with a primary target of lowering LDL-C levels. Aggressive treatment of dyslipidemia with maximal dosage of statin drugs have been reported to reduce LDL-C by 30% to 60%. If mixed dyslipidemia is present, a combination therapy with statin, niacin, cholestyramine, or fibrates should be initiated to reduce the risk of CVD events. These strategies have been shown to reduce CVD risk and optimize LDL-C levels in primary and secondary prevention of CVD.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)216-230
Number of pages15
JournalAmerican Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
Volume8
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 13 2014

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 The Author(s).

Keywords

  • Blood lipids
  • Diet
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Exercise
  • Lifestyle change

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