Clinical, Gender, Socioeconomic Characteristics and Outcomes of Individuals Receiving Hepatitis B Treatment in Ethiopia: 18-Month Follow-Up

There is a lack of real-world data on hepatitis B (HBV) treatment in Africa. We conducted a single-center 18-month prospective cohort study in Ethiopia to understand clinical, laboratory, and demographic variables associated with HBV treatment. One hundred fifty HBV-positive patients were included: 51 on treatment, 99 with no treatment. Median age was similar between groups. Those on treatment were more likely to be male (86%), report higher coffee intake (90% versus 70%, P, 0.05), lower khat intake (0% versus 9%, P 5 0.08), lower alcohol consumption (0% versus 5%, P 5 0.1), and had attained higher levels of education (56% versus 42%, P 5 0.19). Individuals on treatment had higher median aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), HBV DNA, and median Aminotransferase-to-Platelet Ratio Index and Fibrosis-4 scores. At 6 and 12 months, those on treatment showed a decrease in median AST, ALT, and fibrosis scores and had less hepatocellular carcinoma development at 6 months (2% versus 4%). Our study highlights potential demographic disparities in HBV treatment as well as benefits in a real-life setting in Africa.