Circulation of bovine ephemeral fever in the Middle East-Strong evidence for transmission by winds and animal transport

Orly Aziz-Boaron; Ziv Klausner; Mustafa Hasoksuz; Jenny Shenkar; Ohad Gafni; Boris Gelman; Dan David; Eyal Klement

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.003

Circulation of bovine ephemeral fever in the Middle East-Strong evidence for transmission by winds and animal transport

Orly Aziz-Boaron, Ziv Klausner, Mustafa Hasoksuz, Jenny Shenkar, Ohad Gafni, Boris Gelman, Dan David, Eyal Klement

Medicine - Cardiology Division

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

52 Scopus citations

Abstract

Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is an economically important arbovirus of cattle. The main routes of its transmission between countries and continents are not completely elucidated. This study aimed to explore BEFV transmission in the Middle-East. A phylogenetic analysis was performed on the gene encoding the G protein of BEFV isolates from Israel from 2000 and 2008 with isolates from Turkey (2008), Egypt (2005), Australia (1968-1998) and East Asia (1966-2004). Calf sera collected during the years 2006-2007 were tested by serum neutralization in order to explore for recent exposure to BEFV before 2008. These were followed by a meteorological analysis, aimed to reveal movement of air parcels into Israel in the two weeks preceding the first case of BEF in Israel in 2008. The 2008 Israeli and Turkish isolates showed 99% identity and formed a new cluster with the 2000 Israeli isolate. The serological survey showed no new exposure to BEFV during 2006 and 2007. These results coincided with the meteorological analysis, which revealed that air parcels originating in Southern Turkey had reached the location of outbreak onset in Israel nine days before the discovery of the index case. The Egyptian isolate clustered phylogenetically with the Taiwanese isolates, coinciding with data on importation of cattle from China to the Middle East in the year preceding the isolation of the Egyptian isolates. These results suggest that both winds and animal transport may have an important role in trans-boundary transmission of BEFV.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	300-307
Number of pages	8
Journal	Veterinary Microbiology
Volume	158
Issue number	3-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.003
State	Published - Aug 17 2012

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by grants from the Israeli Dairy Board and from the Israel Science Foundation . OAB was partly supported by the “Hoffman Leadership and Responsibility” fellowship program at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. We thank Yifat Gutman and Yael Herziger for their help with the construction of GIS maps and Dr. Irit Orr from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel for her help with the phylogenetic analysis.

Keywords

Animal transport
Arbovirus
Bovine ephemeral fever
Epidemiology
Middle East
Wind

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10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.003

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title = "Circulation of bovine ephemeral fever in the Middle East-Strong evidence for transmission by winds and animal transport",

abstract = "Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is an economically important arbovirus of cattle. The main routes of its transmission between countries and continents are not completely elucidated. This study aimed to explore BEFV transmission in the Middle-East. A phylogenetic analysis was performed on the gene encoding the G protein of BEFV isolates from Israel from 2000 and 2008 with isolates from Turkey (2008), Egypt (2005), Australia (1968-1998) and East Asia (1966-2004). Calf sera collected during the years 2006-2007 were tested by serum neutralization in order to explore for recent exposure to BEFV before 2008. These were followed by a meteorological analysis, aimed to reveal movement of air parcels into Israel in the two weeks preceding the first case of BEF in Israel in 2008. The 2008 Israeli and Turkish isolates showed 99% identity and formed a new cluster with the 2000 Israeli isolate. The serological survey showed no new exposure to BEFV during 2006 and 2007. These results coincided with the meteorological analysis, which revealed that air parcels originating in Southern Turkey had reached the location of outbreak onset in Israel nine days before the discovery of the index case. The Egyptian isolate clustered phylogenetically with the Taiwanese isolates, coinciding with data on importation of cattle from China to the Middle East in the year preceding the isolation of the Egyptian isolates. These results suggest that both winds and animal transport may have an important role in trans-boundary transmission of BEFV.",

keywords = "Animal transport, Arbovirus, Bovine ephemeral fever, Epidemiology, Middle East, Wind",

author = "Orly Aziz-Boaron and Ziv Klausner and Mustafa Hasoksuz and Jenny Shenkar and Ohad Gafni and Boris Gelman and Dan David and Eyal Klement",

note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by grants from the Israeli Dairy Board and from the Israel Science Foundation . OAB was partly supported by the “Hoffman Leadership and Responsibility” fellowship program at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. We thank Yifat Gutman and Yael Herziger for their help with the construction of GIS maps and Dr. Irit Orr from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel for her help with the phylogenetic analysis. ",

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AU - Gafni, Ohad

AU - Gelman, Boris

AU - David, Dan

AU - Klement, Eyal

N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by grants from the Israeli Dairy Board and from the Israel Science Foundation . OAB was partly supported by the “Hoffman Leadership and Responsibility” fellowship program at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. We thank Yifat Gutman and Yael Herziger for their help with the construction of GIS maps and Dr. Irit Orr from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel for her help with the phylogenetic analysis.

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N2 - Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is an economically important arbovirus of cattle. The main routes of its transmission between countries and continents are not completely elucidated. This study aimed to explore BEFV transmission in the Middle-East. A phylogenetic analysis was performed on the gene encoding the G protein of BEFV isolates from Israel from 2000 and 2008 with isolates from Turkey (2008), Egypt (2005), Australia (1968-1998) and East Asia (1966-2004). Calf sera collected during the years 2006-2007 were tested by serum neutralization in order to explore for recent exposure to BEFV before 2008. These were followed by a meteorological analysis, aimed to reveal movement of air parcels into Israel in the two weeks preceding the first case of BEF in Israel in 2008. The 2008 Israeli and Turkish isolates showed 99% identity and formed a new cluster with the 2000 Israeli isolate. The serological survey showed no new exposure to BEFV during 2006 and 2007. These results coincided with the meteorological analysis, which revealed that air parcels originating in Southern Turkey had reached the location of outbreak onset in Israel nine days before the discovery of the index case. The Egyptian isolate clustered phylogenetically with the Taiwanese isolates, coinciding with data on importation of cattle from China to the Middle East in the year preceding the isolation of the Egyptian isolates. These results suggest that both winds and animal transport may have an important role in trans-boundary transmission of BEFV.

AB - Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is an economically important arbovirus of cattle. The main routes of its transmission between countries and continents are not completely elucidated. This study aimed to explore BEFV transmission in the Middle-East. A phylogenetic analysis was performed on the gene encoding the G protein of BEFV isolates from Israel from 2000 and 2008 with isolates from Turkey (2008), Egypt (2005), Australia (1968-1998) and East Asia (1966-2004). Calf sera collected during the years 2006-2007 were tested by serum neutralization in order to explore for recent exposure to BEFV before 2008. These were followed by a meteorological analysis, aimed to reveal movement of air parcels into Israel in the two weeks preceding the first case of BEF in Israel in 2008. The 2008 Israeli and Turkish isolates showed 99% identity and formed a new cluster with the 2000 Israeli isolate. The serological survey showed no new exposure to BEFV during 2006 and 2007. These results coincided with the meteorological analysis, which revealed that air parcels originating in Southern Turkey had reached the location of outbreak onset in Israel nine days before the discovery of the index case. The Egyptian isolate clustered phylogenetically with the Taiwanese isolates, coinciding with data on importation of cattle from China to the Middle East in the year preceding the isolation of the Egyptian isolates. These results suggest that both winds and animal transport may have an important role in trans-boundary transmission of BEFV.

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Circulation of bovine ephemeral fever in the Middle East-Strong evidence for transmission by winds and animal transport

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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