Chloride-dependent sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release correlates with increased Ca2+ activation of ryanodine receptors

Bradley R. Fruen, Patricia K. Kane, James R. Mickelson, Charles F. Louis

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

The mechanism by which chloride increases sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ permeability was investigated. In the presence of 3 μM Ca2+, Ca2+ release from 45Ca2+-loaded SR vesicles prepared from porcine skeletal muscle was increased approximately 4-fold when the media contained 150 mM chloride versus 150 mM propionate, whereas in the presence of 30 nM Ca2+, Ca2+ release was similar in the chloride- and the propionate-containing media. Ca2+-activated [3H]ryanodine binding to skeletal muscle SR was also increased (2- to 10-fold) in media in which propionate or other organic anions were replaced with chloride; however, chloride had little or no effect on cardiac muscle SR 45Ca2+ release or [3H]ryanodine binding. Ca2+- activated [3H]ryanodine binding was increased ~-4.5-fold after reconstitution of skeletal muscle RYR protein into liposomes, and [3H]ryanodine binding to reconstituted RYR protein was similar in chloride- and propionate-containing media, suggesting that the sensitivity of the RYR protein to changes in the anionic composition of the media may be diminished upon reconstitution. Together, our results demonstrate a close correlation between chloride-dependent increases in SR Ca2+ permeability and increased Ca2+ activation of skeletal muscle RYR channels. We postulate that media containing supraphysiological concentrations of chloride or other inorganic anions may enhance skeletal muscle RYR activity by favoring a conformational state of the channel that exhibits increased activation by Ca2+ in comparison to the Ca2+ activation exhibited by this channel in native membranes in the presence of physiological chloride (≤10 mM). Transitions to this putative Ca2+-activatable state may thus provide a mechanism for controlling the activation of RYR channels in skeletal muscle.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2522-2530
Number of pages9
JournalBiophysical journal
Volume71
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1996

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank Drs. N. Shomer, E. Balog, and E. Gallant for helpful discussions. This work was supported by grants from the American Heart Association, Minnesota Affiliate, and from the National Institutes of Health (GM31382).

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