Characterization of mcr-1-harboring plasmids from pan drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail raw chicken in South Korea

Jinshil Kim; Bo Kyoung Hwang; Hyelim Choi; Yang Wang; Sang Ho Choi; Sangryeol Ryu; Byeonghwa Jeon

doi:10.3390/microorganisms7090344

Characterization of mcr-1-harboring plasmids from pan drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail raw chicken in South Korea

Jinshil Kim, Bo Kyoung Hwang, Hyelim Choi, Yang Wang, Sang Ho Choi, Sangryeol Ryu, Byeonghwa Jeon

Environmental Health Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

A number of studies from different countries have characterized mcr-1-harboring plasmids isolated from food; however, nothing has been reported about it in South Korea. In this study, we report the characterization of mcr-1 plasmids from pan drug-resistant (PDR) Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail food in the country. Colistin-resistant E. coli strains were isolated from retail raw chicken, and PCR was carried out to detect the mcr-1 gene. Whole genome sequencing of the mcr-1-positive strains was performed for further characterization. The results of whole genome sequencing revealed that all mcr-1 plasmids belonged to the IncI2 type. In addition to the mcr-1 plasmids, all of the isolates also carried additional plasmids possessing multiple antibiotic resistance genes, and the PDR was mediated by resistant plasmids except for fluoroquinolone resistance resulting from mutations in gyrA and parC. Interestingly, the mcr-1 plasmids were transferred by conjugation to other pathogenic strains including enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Salmonella, and Klebsiella at the frequencies of 10⁻³−10⁻⁶, 10⁻²−10⁻⁵, 10⁻⁴−10⁻⁵, 10⁻⁴−10⁻⁶, and 10⁻⁵−10⁻⁶, respectively. The results showed that mcr-1 plasmids can be easily transmitted to pathogenic bacteria by conjugation.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	344
Journal	Microorganisms
Volume	7
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090344
State	Published - Sep 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,.

Funding Information:
In this study, we isolated and characterized three mcr-1 plasmids from PDR E. coli strains from retail raw chicken in South Korea. Although the number of isolated plasmids was small, the findings retail raw chicken in South Korea. Although the number of isolated plasmids was small, the findings of this study are important because this is the first report about mcr-1 plasmids originating from retail of this study are important because this is the first report about mcr-1 plasmids originating from retail food in the country. The whole genome sequencing of the PDR E. coli strains showed that all the food in the country. The whole genome sequencing of the PDR E. coli strains showed that all the genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance were associated with plasmids, except for fluoroquinolone genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance were associated with plasmids, except for resistance caused by point mutations in gyrA and parC. The mcr-1 plasmids were highly transferrable to fluoroquinolone resistance caused by point mutations in gyrA and parC. The mcr-1 plasmids were pathogenic E. coli strains, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. This may allow colistin resistance to easily spread highly transferrable to pathogenic E. coli strains, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. This may allow colistin in the food supply system. resistance to easily spread in the food supply system. Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials can be found at http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/9/344/s1. Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials can be found at www.mdpi.com/xxx/s1. Figure S1: Circular Figure S1: Circular map of plasmid pJSMCR1_1 (A), pJSMCR1_2 (B), pFORC81_1 (C), and pFORC82_1 (D). map of plasmid pJSMCR1_1 (A), pJSMCR1_2 (B), pFORC81_1 (C), and pFORC82_1 (D). Author Contributions: S.R. and B.J. designed the study; J.K., B.K.H., and H.C. performed the experiments. J.K. AaunthdoBr.JC. oannatrliybzuetdiothnes: dSa.Rta.;aJn.Kd. Ban.Jd. dBe.sJ.igwnreodte ththee smtuadnyu; sJ.cKri.p, Bt;.JK.K.H.,.Y, a.Wnd., SH.H.C..Cp.,eSr.fRor.,manedd tBh.eJ. ecxriptiecraimllyenretvs.i eJ.wKe. d anthde Bm.J.a annuaslcyrzipedt. the data; J.K. and B.J. wrote the manuscript; J.K., Y.W., S.H.C., S.R., and B.J. critically reviewed Funding: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Funding: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

Escherichia coli
Food
Mcr-1
Retail raw chicken

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10.3390/microorganisms7090344

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@article{076d0662921b40d7852fe1c7526cc7f3,

title = "Characterization of mcr-1-harboring plasmids from pan drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail raw chicken in South Korea",

abstract = "A number of studies from different countries have characterized mcr-1-harboring plasmids isolated from food; however, nothing has been reported about it in South Korea. In this study, we report the characterization of mcr-1 plasmids from pan drug-resistant (PDR) Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail food in the country. Colistin-resistant E. coli strains were isolated from retail raw chicken, and PCR was carried out to detect the mcr-1 gene. Whole genome sequencing of the mcr-1-positive strains was performed for further characterization. The results of whole genome sequencing revealed that all mcr-1 plasmids belonged to the IncI2 type. In addition to the mcr-1 plasmids, all of the isolates also carried additional plasmids possessing multiple antibiotic resistance genes, and the PDR was mediated by resistant plasmids except for fluoroquinolone resistance resulting from mutations in gyrA and parC. Interestingly, the mcr-1 plasmids were transferred by conjugation to other pathogenic strains including enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Salmonella, and Klebsiella at the frequencies of 10−3−10−6, 10−2−10−5, 10−4−10−5, 10−4−10−6, and 10−5−10−6, respectively. The results showed that mcr-1 plasmids can be easily transmitted to pathogenic bacteria by conjugation.",

keywords = "Escherichia coli, Food, Mcr-1, Retail raw chicken",

author = "Jinshil Kim and Hwang, {Bo Kyoung} and Hyelim Choi and Yang Wang and Choi, {Sang Ho} and Sangryeol Ryu and Byeonghwa Jeon",

note = "Funding Information: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,. Funding Information: In this study, we isolated and characterized three mcr-1 plasmids from PDR E. coli strains from retail raw chicken in South Korea. Although the number of isolated plasmids was small, the findings retail raw chicken in South Korea. Although the number of isolated plasmids was small, the findings of this study are important because this is the first report about mcr-1 plasmids originating from retail of this study are important because this is the first report about mcr-1 plasmids originating from retail food in the country. The whole genome sequencing of the PDR E. coli strains showed that all the food in the country. The whole genome sequencing of the PDR E. coli strains showed that all the genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance were associated with plasmids, except for fluoroquinolone genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance were associated with plasmids, except for resistance caused by point mutations in gyrA and parC. The mcr-1 plasmids were highly transferrable to fluoroquinolone resistance caused by point mutations in gyrA and parC. The mcr-1 plasmids were pathogenic E. coli strains, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. This may allow colistin resistance to easily spread highly transferrable to pathogenic E. coli strains, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. This may allow colistin in the food supply system. resistance to easily spread in the food supply system. Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials can be found at http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/9/344/s1. Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials can be found at www.mdpi.com/xxx/s1. Figure S1: Circular Figure S1: Circular map of plasmid pJSMCR1_1 (A), pJSMCR1_2 (B), pFORC81_1 (C), and pFORC82_1 (D). map of plasmid pJSMCR1_1 (A), pJSMCR1_2 (B), pFORC81_1 (C), and pFORC82_1 (D). Author Contributions: S.R. and B.J. designed the study; J.K., B.K.H., and H.C. performed the experiments. J.K. AaunthdoBr.JC. oannatrliybzuetdiothnes: dSa.Rta.;aJn.Kd. Ban.Jd. dBe.sJ.igwnreodte ththee smtuadnyu; sJ.cKri.p, Bt;.JK.K.H.,.Y, a.Wnd., SH.H.C..Cp.,eSr.fRor.,manedd tBh.eJ. ecxriptiecraimllyenretvs.i eJ.wKe. d anthde Bm.J.a annuaslcyrzipedt. the data; J.K. and B.J. wrote the manuscript; J.K., Y.W., S.H.C., S.R., and B.J. critically reviewed Funding: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Funding: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2019",

month = sep,

doi = "10.3390/microorganisms7090344",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "7",

journal = "Microorganisms",

issn = "2076-2607",

publisher = "MDPI AG",

number = "9",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Characterization of mcr-1-harboring plasmids from pan drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail raw chicken in South Korea

AU - Kim, Jinshil

AU - Hwang, Bo Kyoung

AU - Choi, Hyelim

AU - Wang, Yang

AU - Choi, Sang Ho

AU - Ryu, Sangryeol

AU - Jeon, Byeonghwa

N1 - Funding Information: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology. This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,. Funding Information: In this study, we isolated and characterized three mcr-1 plasmids from PDR E. coli strains from retail raw chicken in South Korea. Although the number of isolated plasmids was small, the findings retail raw chicken in South Korea. Although the number of isolated plasmids was small, the findings of this study are important because this is the first report about mcr-1 plasmids originating from retail of this study are important because this is the first report about mcr-1 plasmids originating from retail food in the country. The whole genome sequencing of the PDR E. coli strains showed that all the food in the country. The whole genome sequencing of the PDR E. coli strains showed that all the genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance were associated with plasmids, except for fluoroquinolone genetic determinants for antibiotic resistance were associated with plasmids, except for resistance caused by point mutations in gyrA and parC. The mcr-1 plasmids were highly transferrable to fluoroquinolone resistance caused by point mutations in gyrA and parC. The mcr-1 plasmids were pathogenic E. coli strains, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. This may allow colistin resistance to easily spread highly transferrable to pathogenic E. coli strains, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. This may allow colistin in the food supply system. resistance to easily spread in the food supply system. Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials can be found at http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/9/344/s1. Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials can be found at www.mdpi.com/xxx/s1. Figure S1: Circular Figure S1: Circular map of plasmid pJSMCR1_1 (A), pJSMCR1_2 (B), pFORC81_1 (C), and pFORC82_1 (D). map of plasmid pJSMCR1_1 (A), pJSMCR1_2 (B), pFORC81_1 (C), and pFORC82_1 (D). Author Contributions: S.R. and B.J. designed the study; J.K., B.K.H., and H.C. performed the experiments. J.K. AaunthdoBr.JC. oannatrliybzuetdiothnes: dSa.Rta.;aJn.Kd. Ban.Jd. dBe.sJ.igwnreodte ththee smtuadnyu; sJ.cKri.p, Bt;.JK.K.H.,.Y, a.Wnd., SH.H.C..Cp.,eSr.fRor.,manedd tBh.eJ. ecxriptiecraimllyenretvs.i eJ.wKe. d anthde Bm.J.a annuaslcyrzipedt. the data; J.K. and B.J. wrote the manuscript; J.K., Y.W., S.H.C., S.R., and B.J. critically reviewed Funding: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Funding: This research was funded by a grant (14162MFDS972, 19162MFDS037) from the Ministry of Food and Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Drug Safety in 2019. J.K. was supported by the BK21 Plus Program of Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2019/9

Y1 - 2019/9

N2 - A number of studies from different countries have characterized mcr-1-harboring plasmids isolated from food; however, nothing has been reported about it in South Korea. In this study, we report the characterization of mcr-1 plasmids from pan drug-resistant (PDR) Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail food in the country. Colistin-resistant E. coli strains were isolated from retail raw chicken, and PCR was carried out to detect the mcr-1 gene. Whole genome sequencing of the mcr-1-positive strains was performed for further characterization. The results of whole genome sequencing revealed that all mcr-1 plasmids belonged to the IncI2 type. In addition to the mcr-1 plasmids, all of the isolates also carried additional plasmids possessing multiple antibiotic resistance genes, and the PDR was mediated by resistant plasmids except for fluoroquinolone resistance resulting from mutations in gyrA and parC. Interestingly, the mcr-1 plasmids were transferred by conjugation to other pathogenic strains including enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Salmonella, and Klebsiella at the frequencies of 10−3−10−6, 10−2−10−5, 10−4−10−5, 10−4−10−6, and 10−5−10−6, respectively. The results showed that mcr-1 plasmids can be easily transmitted to pathogenic bacteria by conjugation.

AB - A number of studies from different countries have characterized mcr-1-harboring plasmids isolated from food; however, nothing has been reported about it in South Korea. In this study, we report the characterization of mcr-1 plasmids from pan drug-resistant (PDR) Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail food in the country. Colistin-resistant E. coli strains were isolated from retail raw chicken, and PCR was carried out to detect the mcr-1 gene. Whole genome sequencing of the mcr-1-positive strains was performed for further characterization. The results of whole genome sequencing revealed that all mcr-1 plasmids belonged to the IncI2 type. In addition to the mcr-1 plasmids, all of the isolates also carried additional plasmids possessing multiple antibiotic resistance genes, and the PDR was mediated by resistant plasmids except for fluoroquinolone resistance resulting from mutations in gyrA and parC. Interestingly, the mcr-1 plasmids were transferred by conjugation to other pathogenic strains including enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Salmonella, and Klebsiella at the frequencies of 10−3−10−6, 10−2−10−5, 10−4−10−5, 10−4−10−6, and 10−5−10−6, respectively. The results showed that mcr-1 plasmids can be easily transmitted to pathogenic bacteria by conjugation.

KW - Escherichia coli

KW - Food

KW - Mcr-1

KW - Retail raw chicken

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U2 - 10.3390/microorganisms7090344

DO - 10.3390/microorganisms7090344

M3 - Article

C2 - 31547260

AN - SCOPUS:85074344490

SN - 2076-2607

VL - 7

JO - Microorganisms

JF - Microorganisms

IS - 9

M1 - 344

ER -

Characterization of mcr-1-harboring plasmids from pan drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail raw chicken in South Korea

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