Changes in gastrointestinal hormones and leptin after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

Lauren M. Beckman; Tiffany R Beckman; Shalamar Sibley; William Thomas; Sayeed Ikramuddin; Todd A. Kellogg; Mohammad A. Ghatei; Stephen R. Bloom; Carel W. Le Roux; Carrie P Earthman

doi:10.1177/0148607110381403

Changes in gastrointestinal hormones and leptin after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

Lauren M. Beckman, Tiffany R Beckman, Shalamar Sibley, William Thomas, Sayeed Ikramuddin, Todd A. Kellogg, Mohammad A. Ghatei, Stephen R. Bloom, Carel W. Le Roux, Carrie P Earthman

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

72 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) imparts long-term weight loss, the mechanisms for which are not well understood. Changes in leptin and gastrointestinal (GI) hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin, may contribute to the relative success of RYGB compared with conventional weight loss methods. This study evaluated changes in GI hormones and leptin post-RYGB. The study also evaluated whether GI hormones differed after a short-term dose of protein or fat. Methods: GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, and leptin were assessed in 16 women before RYGB and up to 1 year after RYGB. Plasma was collected before and at several times after a short-term equi-caloric dose of protein or fat. Results: GLP-1 area under the curve (AUC) increased at week 6 and 1 year in the fat beverage (FAT-BEV) group compared with baseline. PYY AUC remained elevated at 1 year in the FAT-BEV group. Ghrelin AUC decreased at week 2, week 6, and 1 year in the protein beverage (PRO-BEV) group compared with baseline. Ghrelin AUC was lower in the PRO-BEV group compared with the FAT-BEV group at week 6. Fasted leptin decreased at all visits in both groups and was lower in the FAT-BEV group compared with the PRO-BEV group at 1 year. Conclusions: Changes from baseline were evident for all GI hormones and leptin; some differences were evident soon after surgery (ghrelin, leptin), whereas others were maintained long term (GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, leptin). In response to a short-term stimulus, protein suppressed ghrelin and fat potently stimulated GLP-1 and PYY. Future work in this area is warranted.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	169-180
Number of pages	12
Journal	Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
Volume	35
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607110381403
State	Published - Mar 2011

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Financial disclosure: Funding for this study was provided by the Rhoads Research Foundation of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (C. Earthman); grant MO1-RR00400 from the National Center for Research Resources; the National Institutes of Health, which supported the General Clinical Research Center at the University of Minnesota; the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station (C. Earthman); and the Midwest Dairy Association (C. Earthman).

Keywords

gastric bypass
gastrointestinal hormones
ghrelin
glucagon-like peptide 1
leptin
obesity
peptide YY

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1177/0148607110381403

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@article{db49311453e343f58cb50afc6c8b68e8,

title = "Changes in gastrointestinal hormones and leptin after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery",

abstract = "Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) imparts long-term weight loss, the mechanisms for which are not well understood. Changes in leptin and gastrointestinal (GI) hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin, may contribute to the relative success of RYGB compared with conventional weight loss methods. This study evaluated changes in GI hormones and leptin post-RYGB. The study also evaluated whether GI hormones differed after a short-term dose of protein or fat. Methods: GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, and leptin were assessed in 16 women before RYGB and up to 1 year after RYGB. Plasma was collected before and at several times after a short-term equi-caloric dose of protein or fat. Results: GLP-1 area under the curve (AUC) increased at week 6 and 1 year in the fat beverage (FAT-BEV) group compared with baseline. PYY AUC remained elevated at 1 year in the FAT-BEV group. Ghrelin AUC decreased at week 2, week 6, and 1 year in the protein beverage (PRO-BEV) group compared with baseline. Ghrelin AUC was lower in the PRO-BEV group compared with the FAT-BEV group at week 6. Fasted leptin decreased at all visits in both groups and was lower in the FAT-BEV group compared with the PRO-BEV group at 1 year. Conclusions: Changes from baseline were evident for all GI hormones and leptin; some differences were evident soon after surgery (ghrelin, leptin), whereas others were maintained long term (GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, leptin). In response to a short-term stimulus, protein suppressed ghrelin and fat potently stimulated GLP-1 and PYY. Future work in this area is warranted.",

keywords = "gastric bypass, gastrointestinal hormones, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1, leptin, obesity, peptide YY",

author = "Beckman, {Lauren M.} and Beckman, {Tiffany R} and Shalamar Sibley and William Thomas and Sayeed Ikramuddin and Kellogg, {Todd A.} and Ghatei, {Mohammad A.} and Bloom, {Stephen R.} and {Le Roux}, {Carel W.} and Earthman, {Carrie P}",

note = "Funding Information: Financial disclosure: Funding for this study was provided by the Rhoads Research Foundation of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (C. Earthman); grant MO1-RR00400 from the National Center for Research Resources; the National Institutes of Health, which supported the General Clinical Research Center at the University of Minnesota; the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station (C. Earthman); and the Midwest Dairy Association (C. Earthman).",

year = "2011",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1177/0148607110381403",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "35",

pages = "169--180",

journal = "Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition",

issn = "0148-6071",

publisher = "SAGE Publications Inc.",

number = "2",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Changes in gastrointestinal hormones and leptin after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

AU - Beckman, Lauren M.

AU - Beckman, Tiffany R

AU - Sibley, Shalamar

AU - Thomas, William

AU - Ikramuddin, Sayeed

AU - Kellogg, Todd A.

AU - Ghatei, Mohammad A.

AU - Bloom, Stephen R.

AU - Le Roux, Carel W.

AU - Earthman, Carrie P

N1 - Funding Information: Financial disclosure: Funding for this study was provided by the Rhoads Research Foundation of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (C. Earthman); grant MO1-RR00400 from the National Center for Research Resources; the National Institutes of Health, which supported the General Clinical Research Center at the University of Minnesota; the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station (C. Earthman); and the Midwest Dairy Association (C. Earthman).

PY - 2011/3

Y1 - 2011/3

N2 - Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) imparts long-term weight loss, the mechanisms for which are not well understood. Changes in leptin and gastrointestinal (GI) hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin, may contribute to the relative success of RYGB compared with conventional weight loss methods. This study evaluated changes in GI hormones and leptin post-RYGB. The study also evaluated whether GI hormones differed after a short-term dose of protein or fat. Methods: GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, and leptin were assessed in 16 women before RYGB and up to 1 year after RYGB. Plasma was collected before and at several times after a short-term equi-caloric dose of protein or fat. Results: GLP-1 area under the curve (AUC) increased at week 6 and 1 year in the fat beverage (FAT-BEV) group compared with baseline. PYY AUC remained elevated at 1 year in the FAT-BEV group. Ghrelin AUC decreased at week 2, week 6, and 1 year in the protein beverage (PRO-BEV) group compared with baseline. Ghrelin AUC was lower in the PRO-BEV group compared with the FAT-BEV group at week 6. Fasted leptin decreased at all visits in both groups and was lower in the FAT-BEV group compared with the PRO-BEV group at 1 year. Conclusions: Changes from baseline were evident for all GI hormones and leptin; some differences were evident soon after surgery (ghrelin, leptin), whereas others were maintained long term (GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, leptin). In response to a short-term stimulus, protein suppressed ghrelin and fat potently stimulated GLP-1 and PYY. Future work in this area is warranted.

AB - Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) imparts long-term weight loss, the mechanisms for which are not well understood. Changes in leptin and gastrointestinal (GI) hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin, may contribute to the relative success of RYGB compared with conventional weight loss methods. This study evaluated changes in GI hormones and leptin post-RYGB. The study also evaluated whether GI hormones differed after a short-term dose of protein or fat. Methods: GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, and leptin were assessed in 16 women before RYGB and up to 1 year after RYGB. Plasma was collected before and at several times after a short-term equi-caloric dose of protein or fat. Results: GLP-1 area under the curve (AUC) increased at week 6 and 1 year in the fat beverage (FAT-BEV) group compared with baseline. PYY AUC remained elevated at 1 year in the FAT-BEV group. Ghrelin AUC decreased at week 2, week 6, and 1 year in the protein beverage (PRO-BEV) group compared with baseline. Ghrelin AUC was lower in the PRO-BEV group compared with the FAT-BEV group at week 6. Fasted leptin decreased at all visits in both groups and was lower in the FAT-BEV group compared with the PRO-BEV group at 1 year. Conclusions: Changes from baseline were evident for all GI hormones and leptin; some differences were evident soon after surgery (ghrelin, leptin), whereas others were maintained long term (GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin, leptin). In response to a short-term stimulus, protein suppressed ghrelin and fat potently stimulated GLP-1 and PYY. Future work in this area is warranted.

KW - gastric bypass

KW - gastrointestinal hormones

KW - ghrelin

KW - glucagon-like peptide 1

KW - leptin

KW - obesity

KW - peptide YY

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Changes in gastrointestinal hormones and leptin after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

Abstract

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Keywords

UN SDGs

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