Abstract
From the most basic of nervous systems to the intricate circuits found within the human brain, a fundamental requirement of neuronal function is that it be malleable, altering its output based upon experience. A host of cellular proteins are recruited for this purpose, which themselves are regulated by protein phosphorylation. Over the past several decades, research has demonstrated that the Ca2+ and calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (protein phosphatase 2B) is a critical regulator of a diverse array of proteins, leading to both short- and long-term effects on neuronal excitability and function. This review describes many of the influences of calcineurin on a variety of proteins, including ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors, enzymes, and transcription factors. Intriguingly, due to the bi-directional influences of Ca2+ and calmodulin on calcineurin activity, the strength and duration of particular stimulations may cause apparently antagonistic functions of calcineurin to work in concert.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1159-1171 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications |
Volume | 311 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 28 2003 |
Keywords
- AMPA
- CREB
- Calcineurin
- DARRP-32
- GABA
- Inhibitor 1
- LTD
- LTP
- NFAT
- NMDA
- Protein phosphatase 2B