TY - JOUR
T1 - (C3) The oral epithelial cell and first encounters with HIV-1.
AU - Herzberg, Mark C
AU - Weinberg, A.
AU - Wahl, S. M.
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - The oral epithelium is the site of first exposure of HIV-1 to host tissues during oral sex with an infected partner or through breast-feeding by an infected mother. Although the oral epithelium is distinguishable by its apparent resistance, the mucosal surfaces represent a primary target of HIV-1. After oral exposure and swallowing, infection is detected prominently in the gastrointestinal tract, which becomes depleted of CD4+ T-cells. The oral cavity and palatine tonsils appear to resist infection and transfer to susceptible lymphoid cells in the lamina propria by local anti-HIV-1 mechanisms. In some cases, expression of these antiviral mechanisms increases after exposure to HIV-1. During primary exposure and before seroconversion, based on limited in vitro and primate data, a window of opportunity for capture of HIV-1 by the oral epithelium may exist. After seroconversion, the risk of infectious HIV-1 appearing in saliva is negligible. This report considers evidence that oral epithelium has the potential both to enable and to resist infection by HIV-1.
AB - The oral epithelium is the site of first exposure of HIV-1 to host tissues during oral sex with an infected partner or through breast-feeding by an infected mother. Although the oral epithelium is distinguishable by its apparent resistance, the mucosal surfaces represent a primary target of HIV-1. After oral exposure and swallowing, infection is detected prominently in the gastrointestinal tract, which becomes depleted of CD4+ T-cells. The oral cavity and palatine tonsils appear to resist infection and transfer to susceptible lymphoid cells in the lamina propria by local anti-HIV-1 mechanisms. In some cases, expression of these antiviral mechanisms increases after exposure to HIV-1. During primary exposure and before seroconversion, based on limited in vitro and primate data, a window of opportunity for capture of HIV-1 by the oral epithelium may exist. After seroconversion, the risk of infectious HIV-1 appearing in saliva is negligible. This report considers evidence that oral epithelium has the potential both to enable and to resist infection by HIV-1.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33745967442&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33745967442&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/154407370601900128
DO - 10.1177/154407370601900128
M3 - Article
C2 - 16672567
AN - SCOPUS:33745967442
SN - 0895-9374
VL - 19
SP - 158
EP - 166
JO - Advances in dental research
JF - Advances in dental research
IS - 1
ER -