Bulk ultrafine grained/nanocrystalline metals via slow cooling

Chezheng Cao; Gongcheng Yao; Lin Jiang; Maximilian Sokoluk; Xin Wang; Jim Ciston; Abdolreza Javadi; Zeyi Guan; Igor De Rosa; Weiguo Xie; Enrique J. Lavernia; Julie M. Schoenung; Xiaochun Li

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw2398

Bulk ultrafine grained/nanocrystalline metals via slow cooling

Chezheng Cao, Gongcheng Yao, Lin Jiang, Maximilian Sokoluk, Xin Wang, Jim Ciston, Abdolreza Javadi, Zeyi Guan, Igor De Rosa, Weiguo Xie, Enrique J. Lavernia, Julie M. Schoenung, Xiaochun Li

Chemical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

54 Scopus citations

Abstract

Cooling, nucleation, and phase growth are ubiquitous processes in nature. Effective control of nucleation and phase growth is of significance to yield refined microstructures with enhanced performance for materials. Recent studies reveal that ultrafine grained (UFG)/nanocrystalline metals exhibit extraordinary properties. However, conventional microstructure refinement methods, such as fast cooling and inoculation, have reached certain fundamental limits. It has been considered impossible to fabricate bulk UFG/nanocrystalline metals via slow cooling. Here, we report a new discovery that nanoparticles can refine metal grains to ultrafine/nanoscale by instilling a continuous nucleation and growth control mechanism during slow cooling. The bulk UFG/nanocrystalline metal with nanoparticles also reveals an unprecedented thermal stability. This method overcomes the grain refinement limits and may be extended to any other processes that involve cooling, nucleation, and phase growth for widespread applications.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	eaaw2398
Journal	Science Advances
Volume	5
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw2398
State	Published - Aug 23 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank J. Zhao and N. Bodzin at the University of California, Los Angeles, for the help with cooling rate measurements and FIB experiments, respectively. This work was partially supported by the NSF (CMMI 1562543) and the Army Research Office (W911NF-14-1-0644). Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

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abstract = "Cooling, nucleation, and phase growth are ubiquitous processes in nature. Effective control of nucleation and phase growth is of significance to yield refined microstructures with enhanced performance for materials. Recent studies reveal that ultrafine grained (UFG)/nanocrystalline metals exhibit extraordinary properties. However, conventional microstructure refinement methods, such as fast cooling and inoculation, have reached certain fundamental limits. It has been considered impossible to fabricate bulk UFG/nanocrystalline metals via slow cooling. Here, we report a new discovery that nanoparticles can refine metal grains to ultrafine/nanoscale by instilling a continuous nucleation and growth control mechanism during slow cooling. The bulk UFG/nanocrystalline metal with nanoparticles also reveals an unprecedented thermal stability. This method overcomes the grain refinement limits and may be extended to any other processes that involve cooling, nucleation, and phase growth for widespread applications.",

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Bulk ultrafine grained/nanocrystalline metals via slow cooling

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