Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis

Antonio Chahine; Tulay Koru-Sengul; Daniel J. Feaster; Samantha E. Dilworth; Michael H. Antoni; Nichole Klatt; Margaret E. Roach; Suresh Pallikkuth; Mark Sharkey; Jessica Salinas; Mario Stevenson; Savita Pahwa; Dietmar Fuchs; Adam W. Carrico

doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000002560

Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis

Antonio Chahine, Tulay Koru-Sengul, Daniel J. Feaster, Samantha E. Dilworth, Michael H. Antoni, Nichole Klatt, Margaret E. Roach, Suresh Pallikkuth, Mark Sharkey, Jessica Salinas, Mario Stevenson, Savita Pahwa, Dietmar Fuchs, Adam W. Carrico

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: This longitudinal study examined whether co-occurring stimulant use and HIV disease processes predicted greater risk for depression via dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for neurotransmitters.

METHODS: In total, 110 sexual minority men (i.e., gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men) living with HIV who had biologically confirmed recent methamphetamine use were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. The kynurenine/tryptophan (K/T) and phenylalanine/tyrosine (P/T) ratios were measured over 15 months to index dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for serotonin and catecholamines. Markers of gut-immune dysregulation such as lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 (sCD14), HIV persistence in immune cells (i.e., proviral HIV DNA), and stimulant use were examined as predictors. These bio-behavioral measures, including the K/T and P/T ratios, were also examined as predictors of greater risk for depression over 15 months.

RESULTS: Higher time-varying sCD14 levels (β = 0.13; p = 0.04) and time-varying detectable viral loads (β = 0.71; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of a higher K/T ratio. Time-varying reactive urine toxicology results for stimulants (β = 0.53; p < 0.001) and greater proviral HIV DNA at baseline (β = 0.34; p < 0.001) independently predicted an increased P/T ratio. Greater time-varying, self-reported methamphetamine use uniquely predicted higher odds of screening positive for depression (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.01-1.17).

CONCLUSIONS: Ongoing stimulant use and HIV persistence independently predict dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for catecholamines, but this did not explain amplified risk for depression.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	353-360
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Volume	86
Issue number	3
Early online date	Oct 30 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002560
State	Published - Mar 1 2021

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Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Chahine, A., Koru-Sengul, T., Feaster, D. J., Dilworth, S. E., Antoni, M. H., Klatt, N., Roach, M. E., Pallikkuth, S., Sharkey, M., Salinas, J., Stevenson, M., Pahwa, S., Fuchs, D., & Carrico, A. W. (2021). Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 86(3), 353-360. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002560

Blue Monday : Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis. / Chahine, Antonio; Koru-Sengul, Tulay; Feaster, Daniel J.; Dilworth, Samantha E.; Antoni, Michael H.; Klatt, Nichole; Roach, Margaret E.; Pallikkuth, Suresh; Sharkey, Mark; Salinas, Jessica; Stevenson, Mario; Pahwa, Savita; Fuchs, Dietmar; Carrico, Adam W.

In: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), Vol. 86, No. 3, 01.03.2021, p. 353-360.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Chahine, A, Koru-Sengul, T, Feaster, DJ, Dilworth, SE, Antoni, MH, Klatt, N, Roach, ME, Pallikkuth, S, Sharkey, M, Salinas, J, Stevenson, M, Pahwa, S, Fuchs, D & Carrico, AW 2021, 'Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis', Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 353-360. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002560

Chahine, Antonio ; Koru-Sengul, Tulay ; Feaster, Daniel J. ; Dilworth, Samantha E. ; Antoni, Michael H. ; Klatt, Nichole ; Roach, Margaret E. ; Pallikkuth, Suresh ; Sharkey, Mark ; Salinas, Jessica ; Stevenson, Mario ; Pahwa, Savita ; Fuchs, Dietmar ; Carrico, Adam W. / Blue Monday : Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis. In: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 2021 ; Vol. 86, No. 3. pp. 353-360.

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abstract = "BACKGROUND: This longitudinal study examined whether co-occurring stimulant use and HIV disease processes predicted greater risk for depression via dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for neurotransmitters.METHODS: In total, 110 sexual minority men (i.e., gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men) living with HIV who had biologically confirmed recent methamphetamine use were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. The kynurenine/tryptophan (K/T) and phenylalanine/tyrosine (P/T) ratios were measured over 15 months to index dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for serotonin and catecholamines. Markers of gut-immune dysregulation such as lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 (sCD14), HIV persistence in immune cells (i.e., proviral HIV DNA), and stimulant use were examined as predictors. These bio-behavioral measures, including the K/T and P/T ratios, were also examined as predictors of greater risk for depression over 15 months.RESULTS: Higher time-varying sCD14 levels (β = 0.13; p = 0.04) and time-varying detectable viral loads (β = 0.71; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of a higher K/T ratio. Time-varying reactive urine toxicology results for stimulants (β = 0.53; p < 0.001) and greater proviral HIV DNA at baseline (β = 0.34; p < 0.001) independently predicted an increased P/T ratio. Greater time-varying, self-reported methamphetamine use uniquely predicted higher odds of screening positive for depression (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.01-1.17).CONCLUSIONS: Ongoing stimulant use and HIV persistence independently predict dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for catecholamines, but this did not explain amplified risk for depression.",

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AU - Antoni, Michael H.

AU - Klatt, Nichole

AU - Roach, Margaret E.

AU - Pallikkuth, Suresh

AU - Sharkey, Mark

AU - Salinas, Jessica

AU - Stevenson, Mario

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N2 - BACKGROUND: This longitudinal study examined whether co-occurring stimulant use and HIV disease processes predicted greater risk for depression via dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for neurotransmitters.METHODS: In total, 110 sexual minority men (i.e., gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men) living with HIV who had biologically confirmed recent methamphetamine use were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. The kynurenine/tryptophan (K/T) and phenylalanine/tyrosine (P/T) ratios were measured over 15 months to index dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for serotonin and catecholamines. Markers of gut-immune dysregulation such as lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 (sCD14), HIV persistence in immune cells (i.e., proviral HIV DNA), and stimulant use were examined as predictors. These bio-behavioral measures, including the K/T and P/T ratios, were also examined as predictors of greater risk for depression over 15 months.RESULTS: Higher time-varying sCD14 levels (β = 0.13; p = 0.04) and time-varying detectable viral loads (β = 0.71; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of a higher K/T ratio. Time-varying reactive urine toxicology results for stimulants (β = 0.53; p < 0.001) and greater proviral HIV DNA at baseline (β = 0.34; p < 0.001) independently predicted an increased P/T ratio. Greater time-varying, self-reported methamphetamine use uniquely predicted higher odds of screening positive for depression (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.01-1.17).CONCLUSIONS: Ongoing stimulant use and HIV persistence independently predict dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for catecholamines, but this did not explain amplified risk for depression.

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Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis

Abstract

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