Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder accompanied by chronic pain. In addition to ongoing pain and hyperalgesia, vaso-occlusive crises-induced pain can be chronic or episodic. Because analgesics typically used to treat pain are not very effective in SCD, opioids, including morphine, are a primary treatment for managing pain in SCD but are associated with many serious side effects, including constipation, tolerance, addiction, and respiratory depression. Thus, there is a need for the development of novel treatments for pain in SCD. In this study, we used the Townes transgenic mouse model of SCD to investigate the antinociceptive efficacy of the bivalent ligand, MCC22, and compared its effectiveness with morphine. MCC22 consists of a mu-opioid receptor agonist and a chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5) antagonist that are linked through a 22-atom spacer. Our results show that intraperitoneal administration of MCC22 produced exceptionally potent dose-dependent antihyperalgesia as compared to morphine, dramatically decreased evoked responses of nociceptive dorsal horn neurons, and decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord. Moreover, tolerance did not develop to its analgesic effects after repeated administration. In view of the extraordinary potency of MCC22 without tolerance, MCC22 and similar compounds may vastly improve the management of pain associated with SCD.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1382-1391 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Pain |
Volume | 159 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 1 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:G.M. Vercellotti and J.D. Belcher have received research funding from CSL Behring. The remaining authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grants R01 HL135895 (D.A.S.), R01 HL114567-05 (G.M.V. and J.D.B.), and R01 DA030316 (P.S.P.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 International Association for the Study of Pain.
Keywords
- CCR5
- Hyperalgesia
- Mu-opiate receptor
- Tolerance