Bioengineered stem cells in neural development and neurodegeneration research

Shauna H. Yuan, Mason Shaner

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

The recent discovery of a simple method for making induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from human somatic cells was a major scientific advancement that opened the way for many promising new developments in the study of developmental and degenerative diseases. iPSC have already been used to model many different types of neurological diseases, including autism, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Because of their pluripotent property, iPSC offer the possibility of modeling human development in vitro. Their differentiation seems to follow the developmental timeline and obeys environmental cues. Clinically relevant phenotypes of neurodegenerative pathologies have also been observed using iPSC derived human neuronal cultures. Options for treatment are still some way off. Although some early research in mouse models has been encouraging, major obstacles remain for neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation therapy. However, iPSC now offer the prospect of an unlimited amount of human neurons or astrocytes for drug testing. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent progress in modeling neural development and neurological diseases using iPSC and to describe their applications for aging research and personalized medicine.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)739-748
Number of pages10
JournalAgeing Research Reviews
Volume12
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2013
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Human disease model
  • Neural development
  • Neurodegeneration
  • Stem cells
  • Transplantation

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