Bacterial cell wall compounds as promising targets of antimicrobial agents II. Immunological and clinical aspects

Tobias Schuerholz, Sabine Dömming, Mathias Hornef, Aline Dupont, Ina Kowalski, Yani Kaconis, Lena Heinbockel, Jörg Andrä, Patrick Garidel, Thomas Gutsmann, Sunil David, Susana Sánchez-Gómez, Guillermo Martinez de Tejada, Klaus Brandenburg

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

The bacterial cell wall represents the primary target for antimicrobial agents. Microbial destruction is accompanied by the release of potent immunostimulatory membrane constituents. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria release a variety of lipoproteins and peptidoglycan fragments. Gram-positive bacteria additionally provide lipoteichoic acids, whereas Gram-negative bacteria also release lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin), essential component of the outer leaflet of the bacterial cell wall and one of the most potent immunostimulatory molecules known. Immune activation therefore can be considered as an adverse effect of antimicrobial destruction and killing during anti-infective treatment. In contrast to antibiotics, the use of cationic amphiphilic antimicrobial peptides allows both effective bacterial killing and inhibition of the immunostimulatory effect of the released bacterial membrane constituents. The administration of antimicrobial peptides alone or in combination with antibiotic agents thus represents a novel strategy in the antiinfective treatment with potentially important beneficial aspects. Here, data are presented which describe immunological and clinical aspects of the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as therapeutic agents to treat bacterial infection and neutralize the immunostimulatory activity of released cell wall constituents.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1131-1137
Number of pages7
JournalCurrent Drug Targets
Volume13
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - 2012

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial agents
  • Bacterial cell wall

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