Abstract
Introduction: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with a paradoxical increase in blood pressure (BP) during hemodialysis (HD), termed intradialytic hypertension (ID-HTN), are at significantly increased risk for mortality and adverse cardiovascular events. ID-HTN affects up to 15% of all HD patients, and the pathophysiologic mechanisms remain unknown. We hypothesized that ESRD patients prone to ID-HTN have heightened volume-sensitive cardiopulmonary baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) that leads to exaggerated increases in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation during HD. Methods: We studied ESRD patients on maintenance HD with ID-HTN (n = 10) and without ID-HTN (controls, n = 12) on an interdialytic day, 24 to 30 hours after their last HD session. We measured continuous muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), beat-to-beat arterial BP, and electrocardiography (ECG) at baseline, and during graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Low-dose LBNP isolates cardiopulmonary BRS, whereas higher doses allow assessment of physiologic responses to orthostatic stress. Results: The ID-HTN patients had significantly higher pre- and post-HD BP, and greater interdialytic fluid weight gain compared to controls. There was a significantly greater increase in MSNA burst incidence (P = 0.044) during graded LBNP in the ID-HTN group, suggesting heightened cardiopulmonary BRS. The ID-HTN group also had a trend toward increased diastolic BP response during LBNP, and had significantly greater increases in BP during the cold pressor test. Conclusion: Patients with ID-HTN have augmented cardiopulmonary BRS that may contribute to increased SNS activation and BP response during HD.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1394-1402 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Kidney International Reports |
Volume | 3 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2018 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01 HL135183 ; Satellite Healthcare, a not-for-profit renal care provider; Merit Review Award number I01CX001065 from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Sciences Research and Development Program; American Heart Association National Affiliate, Collaborative Sciences Award 15CSA24340001; resources and the use of facilities at the Clinical Studies Center of the Atlanta VA Medical Center; the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation; and National Institutes of Health training grant T32 DK-00756.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
Keywords
- baroreflex
- end-stage renal disease
- hemodialysis
- sympathetic activity