TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between total serum GGT activity and metabolic risk
T2 - MESA
AU - Bradley, Ryan
AU - Fitzpatrick, Annette L.
AU - Jenny, Nancy S.
AU - Lee, Duk Hee
AU - Jacobs, David R.
PY - 2013/10
Y1 - 2013/10
N2 - Aim: To evaluate associations between total serum GGT activity, metabolic risk factors and prevalent metabolic disease in MESA. Patients & methods: Continuous associations between GGT and fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, HbA1c and Homeostasis Model Assessment Index of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated in the entire MESA cohort and in metabolic disease subgroups using linear regression models incrementally adjusted for age, gender, site, race, lifestyle, traditional risk factors and medications. Cross-sectional odds of prevalent impaired FBG, metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes were calculated for GGT quintiles in the entire cohort and in subgroups defined by age (< or ≥65 years) and ethnicity. Results: In multivariable models, significant associations were present between GGT activity and FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR, with the interaction between GGT and BMI affecting the association between GGT and HOMA-IR as well as the association between BMI and HOMA-IR (p < 0.0001). Adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) of prevalent impaired FBG, metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes for quintile 5 versus 1 in the entire cohort were 2.4 (1.7-3.5), 3.3 (2.5-4.5) and 2.8 (1.8-4.4), respectively (p < 0.0001). GGT associations weakened with age. The significance of linear trends for increased prevalent metabolic disease by increasing GGT quintile varied by ethnicity. Conclusion: GGT is strongly associated with both cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, including prevalent metabolic disease, in the MESA cohort.
AB - Aim: To evaluate associations between total serum GGT activity, metabolic risk factors and prevalent metabolic disease in MESA. Patients & methods: Continuous associations between GGT and fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, HbA1c and Homeostasis Model Assessment Index of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated in the entire MESA cohort and in metabolic disease subgroups using linear regression models incrementally adjusted for age, gender, site, race, lifestyle, traditional risk factors and medications. Cross-sectional odds of prevalent impaired FBG, metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes were calculated for GGT quintiles in the entire cohort and in subgroups defined by age (< or ≥65 years) and ethnicity. Results: In multivariable models, significant associations were present between GGT activity and FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR, with the interaction between GGT and BMI affecting the association between GGT and HOMA-IR as well as the association between BMI and HOMA-IR (p < 0.0001). Adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) of prevalent impaired FBG, metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes for quintile 5 versus 1 in the entire cohort were 2.4 (1.7-3.5), 3.3 (2.5-4.5) and 2.8 (1.8-4.4), respectively (p < 0.0001). GGT associations weakened with age. The significance of linear trends for increased prevalent metabolic disease by increasing GGT quintile varied by ethnicity. Conclusion: GGT is strongly associated with both cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, including prevalent metabolic disease, in the MESA cohort.
KW - GGT
KW - Type 2 diabetes
KW - glutathione
KW - metabolic syndrome
KW - oxidative stress
KW - γ-glutamyltransferase
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U2 - 10.2217/bmm.13.71
DO - 10.2217/bmm.13.71
M3 - Article
C2 - 24044563
AN - SCOPUS:84884552573
SN - 1752-0363
VL - 7
SP - 709
EP - 721
JO - Biomarkers in Medicine
JF - Biomarkers in Medicine
IS - 5
ER -