TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of metabolic stability using the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver S9 fraction
AU - Johanning, Karla
AU - Hancock, Gregg
AU - Escher, Beate
AU - Adekola, Adebayo
AU - Bernhard, Mary Jo
AU - Cowan-Ellsberry, Christina
AU - Domoradzki, Jeanne
AU - Dyer, Scott
AU - Eickhoff, Curtis
AU - Embry, Michelle
AU - Erhardt, Susan
AU - Fitzsimmons, Patrick
AU - Halder, Marlies
AU - Hill, James
AU - Holden, Dustin
AU - Johnson, Rebecca
AU - Rutishauser, Sibylle
AU - Segner, Helmut
AU - Schultz, Irvin
AU - Nichols, John
PY - 2012/8
Y1 - 2012/8
N2 - Standard protocols are given for assessing metabolic stability in rainbow trout using the liver S9 fraction. These protocols describe the isolation of S9 fractions from trout livers, evaluation of metabolic stability using a substrate depletion approach, and expression of the result as in vivo intrinsic clearance. Additional guidance is provided on the care and handling of test animals, design and interpretation of preliminary studies, and development of analytical methods. Although initially developed to predict metabolism impacts on chemical accumulation by fish, these procedures can be used to support a broad range of scientific and risk assessment activities including evaluation of emerging chemical contaminants and improved interpretation of toxicity testing results. These protocols have been designed for rainbow trout and can be adapted to other species as long as species-specific considerations are modified accordingly (e.g., fish maintenance and incubation mixture temperature). Rainbow trout is a cold-water species. Protocols for other species (e.g., carp, a warm-water species) can be developed based on these procedures as long as the specific considerations are taken into account.
AB - Standard protocols are given for assessing metabolic stability in rainbow trout using the liver S9 fraction. These protocols describe the isolation of S9 fractions from trout livers, evaluation of metabolic stability using a substrate depletion approach, and expression of the result as in vivo intrinsic clearance. Additional guidance is provided on the care and handling of test animals, design and interpretation of preliminary studies, and development of analytical methods. Although initially developed to predict metabolism impacts on chemical accumulation by fish, these procedures can be used to support a broad range of scientific and risk assessment activities including evaluation of emerging chemical contaminants and improved interpretation of toxicity testing results. These protocols have been designed for rainbow trout and can be adapted to other species as long as species-specific considerations are modified accordingly (e.g., fish maintenance and incubation mixture temperature). Rainbow trout is a cold-water species. Protocols for other species (e.g., carp, a warm-water species) can be developed based on these procedures as long as the specific considerations are taken into account.
KW - Cyp450
KW - Fish
KW - In vitro assay
KW - Liver S9 fraction
KW - Metabolism
KW - Phase I and II metabolism enzymes
KW - Rainbow trout
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84868147747&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84868147747&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/0471140856.tx1410s53
DO - 10.1002/0471140856.tx1410s53
M3 - Article
C2 - 22896006
AN - SCOPUS:84868147747
SN - 1934-9254
VL - 1
JO - Current Protocols in Toxicology
JF - Current Protocols in Toxicology
IS - SUPPL.53
M1 - 14.10
ER -
