Abstract
Biofilms complicate treatment of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) wound infections. Previously, we determined alpha-toxin (AT)-promoted SA biofilm formation on mucosal tissue. Therefore, we evaluated SA wound isolates for AT production and biofilm formation on epithelium and assessed the role of AT in biofilm formation. Thirty-eight wound isolates were molecularly typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (ST), and spa typing. We measured biofilm formation of these SA isolates in vitro and ex vivo and quantified ex vivo AT production. We also investigated the effect of an anti-AT monoclonal antibody (MEDI4893*) on ex vivo biofilm formation by methicillin-resistant SA (USA 300 LAC) and tested whether purified AT rescued the biofilm defect of hla mutant SA strains. The predominant PFGE/ST combinations were USA100/ST5 (50%) and USA300/ST8 (33%) for methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA, n = 18), and USA200/ST30 (20%) for methicillin-susceptible SA (MSSA, n = 20). Ex vivo AT production correlated significantly with ex vivo SA wound isolate biofilm formation. Anti-alpha-toxin monoclonal antibody (MEDI4893*) prevented ex vivo biofilm formation by MRSA USA300 strain LAC. Wild-type AT rescued the ex vivo biofilm defect of non-AT producing SA strains. These findings provide evidence that AT plays a role in SA biofilm formation on epithelial surfaces and suggest that neutralization of AT may be useful in preventing and treating SA infections.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | 157 |
| Journal | Toxins |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Acknowledgments: We thank David Boxrud, Minnesota Department of Health, for performing the PFGE analysis; Peter Davies, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, for his insights into the genotyping data analysis and review of the manuscript; and Charles Kistler and Patrick Finnegan, University of Wyoming, for their input and editorial assistance. This research was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health Award Number UL1TR000114 (M.L.P.), and by Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, grant # 1 I01 CX000192 01 (J.R.J.).
Funding Information:
We thank David Boxrud, Minnesota Department of Health, for performing the PFGE analysis; Peter Davies, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, for his insights into the genotyping data analysis and review of the manuscript; and Charles Kistler and Patrick Finnegan, University of Wyoming, for their input and editorial assistance. This research was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health Award Number UL1TR000114 (M.L.P.), and by Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, grant # 1 I01 CX000192 01 (J.R.J.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Keywords
- Bacterial toxin
- Biofilm
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Toxin
- Wound
