Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

Ellen C. Francis; Mengying Li; Stefanie N. Hinkle; Yaqi Cao; Jinbo Chen; Jing Wu; Yeyi Zhu; Hiaming Cao; Karen Kemper; Lior Rennert; Joel Williams; Michael Y. Tsai; Liwei Chen; Cuilin Zhang

doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001333

Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

Ellen C. Francis, Mengying Li, Stefanie N. Hinkle, Yaqi Cao, Jinbo Chen, Jing Wu, Yeyi Zhu, Hiaming Cao, Karen Kemper, Lior Rennert, Joel Williams, Michael Y. Tsai, Liwei Chen, Cuilin Zhang

Laboratory Medicine and Pathology

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1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction Several adipokines are implicated in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), however, longitudinal data in early pregnancy on many adipokines are lacking. We prospectively investigated the association of a panel of adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy with GDM risk. Research design and methods Within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (n=2802), a panel of 10 adipokines (plasma fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), chemerin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, omentin-1, vaspin, and retinol binding protein-4) were measured at gestational weeks (GWs) 10-14, 15-26, 23-31, and 33-39 among 107 GDM cases (ascertained on average at GW 27) and 214 non-GDM controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs of each adipokine and GDM, controlling for known GDM risk factors including pre-pregnancy body mass index. Results Throughout pregnancy changes in chemerin, sOB-R, adiponectin, and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) concentrations from 10-14 to 15-26 GWs were significantly different among GDM cases compared with non-GDM controls. In early and mid-pregnancy, FABP4, chemerin, IL-6 and leptin were positively associated with increased GDM risk. For instance, at 10-14 GWs, the OR comparing the highest versus lowest quartile (ORQ4-Q1) of FABP4 was 3.79 (95% CI 1.63 to 8.85). In contrast, in both early and mid-pregnancy adiponectin (eg, ORQ4-Q1 0.14 (0.05, 0.34) during 10-14 GWs) and sOB-R (ORQ4-Q1 0.23 (0.11, 0.50) during 10-14 GWs) were inversely related to GDM risk. At 10-14 GWs a model that included conventional GDM risk factors and FABP4, chemerin, sOB-R, and HMW-adiponectin improved the estimated prediction (area under the curve) from 0.71 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.77) to 0.77 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.82). Conclusions A panel of understudied adipokines including FABP4, chemerin, and sOB-R may be implicated in the pathogenesis of GDM with significant associations detected approximately 10-18 weeks before typical GDM screening.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	e001333
Journal	BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care
Volume	8
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001333
State	Published - Aug 2 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by theEunice Kennedy ShriverNational Institute of Child Health and Human Development intramural funding and included American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding via contract numbers HHSN275200800013C, HHSN275200800002I, HHSN27500006, HHSN275200800003IC, HHSN275200800014C, HHSN275200800012C, HHSN275200800028C, HHSN275201000009C, and HHSN275201000001Z. YZ was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant number K01DK120807). ECF is a participant in the NIH Graduate Partnership Program and a graduate student at Clemson University.

Funding Information:
Funding This research was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development intramural funding and included American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding via contract numbers HHSN275200800013C, HHSN275200800002I, HHSN27500006, HHSN275200800003IC, HHSN275200800014C, HHSN275200800012C, HHSN275200800028C, HHSN275201000009C, and HHSN275201000001Z. YZ was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant number K01DK120807). ECF is a participant in the NIH Graduate Partnership Program and a graduate student at Clemson University.

Publisher Copyright:
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Keywords

adipokines
cohort
gestational diabetes mellitus
prospective

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

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10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001333

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Francis, E. C., Li, M., Hinkle, S. N., Cao, Y., Chen, J., Wu, J., Zhu, Y., Cao, H., Kemper, K., Rennert, L., Williams, J., Tsai, M. Y., Chen, L., & Zhang, C. (2020). Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort. BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 8(1), [e001333]. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001333

Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes : A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort. / Francis, Ellen C.; Li, Mengying; Hinkle, Stefanie N.; Cao, Yaqi; Chen, Jinbo; Wu, Jing; Zhu, Yeyi; Cao, Hiaming; Kemper, Karen; Rennert, Lior; Williams, Joel; Tsai, Michael Y.; Chen, Liwei; Zhang, Cuilin.

In: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, Vol. 8, No. 1, e001333, 02.08.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Francis, EC, Li, M, Hinkle, SN, Cao, Y, Chen, J, Wu, J, Zhu, Y, Cao, H, Kemper, K, Rennert, L, Williams, J, Tsai, MY, Chen, L & Zhang, C 2020, 'Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort', BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, vol. 8, no. 1, e001333. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001333

Francis, Ellen C. ; Li, Mengying ; Hinkle, Stefanie N. ; Cao, Yaqi ; Chen, Jinbo ; Wu, Jing ; Zhu, Yeyi ; Cao, Hiaming ; Kemper, Karen ; Rennert, Lior ; Williams, Joel ; Tsai, Michael Y. ; Chen, Liwei ; Zhang, Cuilin. / Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes : A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort. In: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care. 2020 ; Vol. 8, No. 1.

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title = "Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort",

abstract = "Introduction Several adipokines are implicated in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), however, longitudinal data in early pregnancy on many adipokines are lacking. We prospectively investigated the association of a panel of adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy with GDM risk. Research design and methods Within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (n=2802), a panel of 10 adipokines (plasma fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), chemerin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, omentin-1, vaspin, and retinol binding protein-4) were measured at gestational weeks (GWs) 10-14, 15-26, 23-31, and 33-39 among 107 GDM cases (ascertained on average at GW 27) and 214 non-GDM controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs of each adipokine and GDM, controlling for known GDM risk factors including pre-pregnancy body mass index. Results Throughout pregnancy changes in chemerin, sOB-R, adiponectin, and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) concentrations from 10-14 to 15-26 GWs were significantly different among GDM cases compared with non-GDM controls. In early and mid-pregnancy, FABP4, chemerin, IL-6 and leptin were positively associated with increased GDM risk. For instance, at 10-14 GWs, the OR comparing the highest versus lowest quartile (ORQ4-Q1) of FABP4 was 3.79 (95% CI 1.63 to 8.85). In contrast, in both early and mid-pregnancy adiponectin (eg, ORQ4-Q1 0.14 (0.05, 0.34) during 10-14 GWs) and sOB-R (ORQ4-Q1 0.23 (0.11, 0.50) during 10-14 GWs) were inversely related to GDM risk. At 10-14 GWs a model that included conventional GDM risk factors and FABP4, chemerin, sOB-R, and HMW-adiponectin improved the estimated prediction (area under the curve) from 0.71 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.77) to 0.77 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.82). Conclusions A panel of understudied adipokines including FABP4, chemerin, and sOB-R may be implicated in the pathogenesis of GDM with significant associations detected approximately 10-18 weeks before typical GDM screening.",

keywords = "adipokines, cohort, gestational diabetes mellitus, prospective",

author = "Francis, {Ellen C.} and Mengying Li and Hinkle, {Stefanie N.} and Yaqi Cao and Jinbo Chen and Jing Wu and Yeyi Zhu and Hiaming Cao and Karen Kemper and Lior Rennert and Joel Williams and Tsai, {Michael Y.} and Liwei Chen and Cuilin Zhang",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by theEunice Kennedy ShriverNational Institute of Child Health and Human Development intramural funding and included American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding via contract numbers HHSN275200800013C, HHSN275200800002I, HHSN27500006, HHSN275200800003IC, HHSN275200800014C, HHSN275200800012C, HHSN275200800028C, HHSN275201000009C, and HHSN275201000001Z. YZ was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant number K01DK120807). ECF is a participant in the NIH Graduate Partnership Program and a graduate student at Clemson University. Funding Information: Funding This research was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development intramural funding and included American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding via contract numbers HHSN275200800013C, HHSN275200800002I, HHSN27500006, HHSN275200800003IC, HHSN275200800014C, HHSN275200800012C, HHSN275200800028C, HHSN275201000009C, and HHSN275201000001Z. YZ was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant number K01DK120807). ECF is a participant in the NIH Graduate Partnership Program and a graduate student at Clemson University. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.",

year = "2020",

month = aug,

day = "2",

doi = "10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001333",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "8",

journal = "BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes

T2 - A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

AU - Francis, Ellen C.

AU - Li, Mengying

AU - Hinkle, Stefanie N.

AU - Cao, Yaqi

AU - Chen, Jinbo

AU - Wu, Jing

AU - Zhu, Yeyi

AU - Cao, Hiaming

AU - Kemper, Karen

AU - Rennert, Lior

AU - Williams, Joel

AU - Tsai, Michael Y.

AU - Chen, Liwei

AU - Zhang, Cuilin

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by theEunice Kennedy ShriverNational Institute of Child Health and Human Development intramural funding and included American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding via contract numbers HHSN275200800013C, HHSN275200800002I, HHSN27500006, HHSN275200800003IC, HHSN275200800014C, HHSN275200800012C, HHSN275200800028C, HHSN275201000009C, and HHSN275201000001Z. YZ was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant number K01DK120807). ECF is a participant in the NIH Graduate Partnership Program and a graduate student at Clemson University. Funding Information: Funding This research was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development intramural funding and included American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding via contract numbers HHSN275200800013C, HHSN275200800002I, HHSN27500006, HHSN275200800003IC, HHSN275200800014C, HHSN275200800012C, HHSN275200800028C, HHSN275201000009C, and HHSN275201000001Z. YZ was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant number K01DK120807). ECF is a participant in the NIH Graduate Partnership Program and a graduate student at Clemson University. Publisher Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

PY - 2020/8/2

Y1 - 2020/8/2

N2 - Introduction Several adipokines are implicated in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), however, longitudinal data in early pregnancy on many adipokines are lacking. We prospectively investigated the association of a panel of adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy with GDM risk. Research design and methods Within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (n=2802), a panel of 10 adipokines (plasma fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), chemerin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, omentin-1, vaspin, and retinol binding protein-4) were measured at gestational weeks (GWs) 10-14, 15-26, 23-31, and 33-39 among 107 GDM cases (ascertained on average at GW 27) and 214 non-GDM controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs of each adipokine and GDM, controlling for known GDM risk factors including pre-pregnancy body mass index. Results Throughout pregnancy changes in chemerin, sOB-R, adiponectin, and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) concentrations from 10-14 to 15-26 GWs were significantly different among GDM cases compared with non-GDM controls. In early and mid-pregnancy, FABP4, chemerin, IL-6 and leptin were positively associated with increased GDM risk. For instance, at 10-14 GWs, the OR comparing the highest versus lowest quartile (ORQ4-Q1) of FABP4 was 3.79 (95% CI 1.63 to 8.85). In contrast, in both early and mid-pregnancy adiponectin (eg, ORQ4-Q1 0.14 (0.05, 0.34) during 10-14 GWs) and sOB-R (ORQ4-Q1 0.23 (0.11, 0.50) during 10-14 GWs) were inversely related to GDM risk. At 10-14 GWs a model that included conventional GDM risk factors and FABP4, chemerin, sOB-R, and HMW-adiponectin improved the estimated prediction (area under the curve) from 0.71 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.77) to 0.77 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.82). Conclusions A panel of understudied adipokines including FABP4, chemerin, and sOB-R may be implicated in the pathogenesis of GDM with significant associations detected approximately 10-18 weeks before typical GDM screening.

AB - Introduction Several adipokines are implicated in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), however, longitudinal data in early pregnancy on many adipokines are lacking. We prospectively investigated the association of a panel of adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy with GDM risk. Research design and methods Within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (n=2802), a panel of 10 adipokines (plasma fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), chemerin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, omentin-1, vaspin, and retinol binding protein-4) were measured at gestational weeks (GWs) 10-14, 15-26, 23-31, and 33-39 among 107 GDM cases (ascertained on average at GW 27) and 214 non-GDM controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs of each adipokine and GDM, controlling for known GDM risk factors including pre-pregnancy body mass index. Results Throughout pregnancy changes in chemerin, sOB-R, adiponectin, and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) concentrations from 10-14 to 15-26 GWs were significantly different among GDM cases compared with non-GDM controls. In early and mid-pregnancy, FABP4, chemerin, IL-6 and leptin were positively associated with increased GDM risk. For instance, at 10-14 GWs, the OR comparing the highest versus lowest quartile (ORQ4-Q1) of FABP4 was 3.79 (95% CI 1.63 to 8.85). In contrast, in both early and mid-pregnancy adiponectin (eg, ORQ4-Q1 0.14 (0.05, 0.34) during 10-14 GWs) and sOB-R (ORQ4-Q1 0.23 (0.11, 0.50) during 10-14 GWs) were inversely related to GDM risk. At 10-14 GWs a model that included conventional GDM risk factors and FABP4, chemerin, sOB-R, and HMW-adiponectin improved the estimated prediction (area under the curve) from 0.71 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.77) to 0.77 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.82). Conclusions A panel of understudied adipokines including FABP4, chemerin, and sOB-R may be implicated in the pathogenesis of GDM with significant associations detected approximately 10-18 weeks before typical GDM screening.

KW - adipokines

KW - cohort

KW - gestational diabetes mellitus

KW - prospective

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Adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

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Keywords

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UN SDGs

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