TY - JOUR
T1 - A sub-millimeter, inductively powered neural stimulator
AU - Freeman, Daniel K.
AU - O'Brien, Jonathan M.
AU - Kumar, Parshant
AU - Daniels, Brian
AU - Irion, Reed A.
AU - Shraytah, Louis
AU - Ingersoll, Brett K.
AU - Magyar, Andrew P.
AU - Czarnecki, Andrew
AU - Wheeler, Jesse
AU - Coppeta, Jonathan R.
AU - Abban, Michael P.
AU - Gatzke, Ronald
AU - Fried, Shelley I.
AU - Lee, Seung Woo
AU - Duwel, Amy E.
AU - Bernstein, Jonathan J.
AU - Widge, Alik S.
AU - Hernandez-Reynoso, Ana
AU - Kanneganti, Aswini
AU - Romero-Ortega, Mario I.
AU - Cogan, Stuart F.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Freeman, O'Brien, Kumar, Daniels, Irion, Shraytah, Ingersoll, Magyar, Czarnecki, Wheeler, Coppeta, Abban, Gatzke, Fried, Lee, Duwel, Bernstein, Widge, Hernandez-Reynoso, Kanneganti, Romero-Ortega and Cogan.
PY - 2017/11/27
Y1 - 2017/11/27
N2 - Wireless neural stimulators are being developed to address problems associated with traditional lead-based implants. However, designing wireless stimulators on the sub-millimeter scale (< 1 mm3) is challenging. As device size shrinks, it becomes difficult to deliver sufficient wireless power to operate the device. Here, we present a sub-millimeter, inductively powered neural stimulator consisting only of a coil to receive power, a capacitor to tune the resonant frequency of the receiver, and a diode to rectify the radio-frequency signal to produce neural excitation. By replacing any complex receiver circuitry with a simple rectifier, we have reduced the required voltage levels that are needed to operate the device from 0.5 to 1 V (e.g., for CMOS) to ~0.25-0.5 V. This reduced voltage allows the use of smaller receive antennas for power, resulting in a device volume of 0.3-0.5 mm3. The device was encapsulated in epoxy, and successfully passed accelerated lifetime tests in 80°C saline for 2 weeks. We demonstrate a basic proof-of-concept using stimulation with tens of microamps of current delivered to the sciatic nerve in rat to produce a motor response.
AB - Wireless neural stimulators are being developed to address problems associated with traditional lead-based implants. However, designing wireless stimulators on the sub-millimeter scale (< 1 mm3) is challenging. As device size shrinks, it becomes difficult to deliver sufficient wireless power to operate the device. Here, we present a sub-millimeter, inductively powered neural stimulator consisting only of a coil to receive power, a capacitor to tune the resonant frequency of the receiver, and a diode to rectify the radio-frequency signal to produce neural excitation. By replacing any complex receiver circuitry with a simple rectifier, we have reduced the required voltage levels that are needed to operate the device from 0.5 to 1 V (e.g., for CMOS) to ~0.25-0.5 V. This reduced voltage allows the use of smaller receive antennas for power, resulting in a device volume of 0.3-0.5 mm3. The device was encapsulated in epoxy, and successfully passed accelerated lifetime tests in 80°C saline for 2 weeks. We demonstrate a basic proof-of-concept using stimulation with tens of microamps of current delivered to the sciatic nerve in rat to produce a motor response.
KW - Electroceuticals
KW - Implantable neurostimulators
KW - Inductive coupling
KW - Microcoil
KW - Wireless neural stimulation
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U2 - 10.3389/fnins.2017.00659
DO - 10.3389/fnins.2017.00659
M3 - Article
C2 - 29230164
AN - SCOPUS:85036592986
SN - 1662-4548
VL - 11
JO - Frontiers in Neuroscience
JF - Frontiers in Neuroscience
IS - NOV
M1 - 659
ER -