A seasonally resolved stalagmite δ¹⁸O record indicates the regional activity of tropical cyclones in Southeast China

Identifying tropical cyclone (TC) signatures in paleoclimate records enhances our understanding of long-term TC activity trends and the climatic factors influencing TC evolution. Stalagmites are considered promising archives for recording TC activity. However, despite the western North Pacific being the most TC-active ocean basin globally, it lacks stalagmite-based TC reconstructions. Here, we present a seasonally resolved stalagmite δ¹⁸O record from XRY cave in Southeast China, covering the period from 1951 to 2018 CE, to identify annual signals of strong TC activity. We propose that the minimum seasonal XRY δ¹⁸O value of each year can reconstruct regional TC activity, achieving an identification rate of 86% for strong TC years in study area. This demonstrates the feasibility of using stalagmites for TC reconstruction in Southeast China. Moreover, our research shows that inland stalagmites can still capture TC activity signals, which will promote the use of stalagmites in obtaining long-term records of post-landfall TC activity and inland impacts.