A search for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the crab nebula and pulsar

A. Borione; M. A. Catanese; M. C. Chantell; C. E. Covault; J. W. Cronin; B. E. Fick; L. F. Fortson; J. F. Fowler; K. G. Gibbs; M. A.K. Glasmacher; K. D. Green; D. B. Kleda; J. Matthews; B. J. Newport; D. F. Nitz; R. A. Ong; L. J. Rosenberg; D. Sinclair; J. C. Van Der Velde

doi:10.1086/304042

A search for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the crab nebula and pulsar

A. Borione
, M. A. Catanese
, M. C. Chantell
, C. E. Covault
, J. W. Cronin
, B. E. Fick
, L. F. Fortson
, J. F. Fowler
, K. G. Gibbs
, M. A.K. Glasmacher
, K. D. Green
, D. B. Kleda
, J. Matthews
, B. J. Newport
, D. F. Nitz
, R. A. Ong
, L. J. Rosenberg
, D. Sinclair
, J. C. Van Der Velde

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

We have examined 2.4 × 10⁹ events recorded by the Chicago Air Shower Array-Michigan Muon Array (CASA-MIA) experiment for evidence of ultra-high-energy (≳100 TeV) neutral particle and gamma-ray emissions from the Crab Nebula and Pulsar between 1990 March 4 and 1995 October 9. No such emissions have been detected. Over this interval, the 90% confidence level integral flux limits for continuous emission above 141 TeV are 2.08 × 10^-14 cm^-2 s^-1 for any neutral particle (which can produce a detectable air shower) and 9.21 × 10^-15 cm^-2 s^-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence of transient emission on timescales of 1 day or longer. The 90% confidence level integral flux limit for emission on a single day is conservatively estimated to be 4.40 × 10^-12 cm^-2 s^-1 for any neutral particle and 5.09 × 10^-12 cm^-2 s^-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence for emission from the pulsar at the radio period on intervals of 1 day or longer. The 2 σ (97.7% confidence) limit on the pulsed flux on the most significant day is 3.29 × 10^-12 cm^-2 s^-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, and 8.31 × 10^-12 cm^-2 s^-1 for gamma rays. For an interval of 162 sidereal days beginning 1992 March 1, the pulsed flux limit was 2.39 × 10^-13 cm^-2 s^-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, again above 141 TeV.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	313-326
Number of pages	14
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	481
Issue number	1 PART I
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/304042
State	Published - 1997

Keywords

Gamma rays: observations
ISM: individual (Crab Nebula) pulsars: individual (Crab Pulsar)

Publisher link

10.1086/304042

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Borione, A., Catanese, M. A., Chantell, M. C., Covault, C. E., Cronin, J. W., Fick, B. E., Fortson, L. F., Fowler, J. F., Gibbs, K. G., Glasmacher, M. A. K., Green, K. D., Kleda, D. B., Matthews, J., Newport, B. J., Nitz, D. F., Ong, R. A., Rosenberg, L. J., Sinclair, D., & Van Der Velde, J. C. (1997). A search for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the crab nebula and pulsar. Astrophysical Journal, 481(1 PART I), 313-326. https://doi.org/10.1086/304042

Borione, A, Catanese, MA, Chantell, MC, Covault, CE, Cronin, JW, Fick, BE, Fortson, LF, Fowler, JF, Gibbs, KG, Glasmacher, MAK, Green, KD, Kleda, DB, Matthews, J, Newport, BJ, Nitz, DF, Ong, RA, Rosenberg, LJ, Sinclair, D & Van Der Velde, JC 1997, 'A search for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the crab nebula and pulsar', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 481, no. 1 PART I, pp. 313-326. https://doi.org/10.1086/304042

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title = "A search for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the crab nebula and pulsar",

abstract = "We have examined 2.4 × 109 events recorded by the Chicago Air Shower Array-Michigan Muon Array (CASA-MIA) experiment for evidence of ultra-high-energy (≳100 TeV) neutral particle and gamma-ray emissions from the Crab Nebula and Pulsar between 1990 March 4 and 1995 October 9. No such emissions have been detected. Over this interval, the 90\% confidence level integral flux limits for continuous emission above 141 TeV are 2.08 × 10-14 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle (which can produce a detectable air shower) and 9.21 × 10-15 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence of transient emission on timescales of 1 day or longer. The 90\% confidence level integral flux limit for emission on a single day is conservatively estimated to be 4.40 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle and 5.09 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence for emission from the pulsar at the radio period on intervals of 1 day or longer. The 2 σ (97.7\% confidence) limit on the pulsed flux on the most significant day is 3.29 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, and 8.31 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. For an interval of 162 sidereal days beginning 1992 March 1, the pulsed flux limit was 2.39 × 10-13 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, again above 141 TeV.",

keywords = "Gamma rays: observations, ISM: individual (Crab Nebula) pulsars: individual (Crab Pulsar)",

author = "A. Borione and Catanese, \{M. A.\} and Chantell, \{M. C.\} and Covault, \{C. E.\} and Cronin, \{J. W.\} and Fick, \{B. E.\} and Fortson, \{L. F.\} and Fowler, \{J. F.\} and Gibbs, \{K. G.\} and Glasmacher, \{M. A.K.\} and Green, \{K. D.\} and Kleda, \{D. B.\} and J. Matthews and Newport, \{B. J.\} and Nitz, \{D. F.\} and Ong, \{R. A.\} and Rosenberg, \{L. J.\} and D. Sinclair and \{Van Der Velde\}, \{J. C.\}",

year = "1997",

doi = "10.1086/304042",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "481",

pages = "313--326",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

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T1 - A search for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the crab nebula and pulsar

AU - Borione, A.

AU - Catanese, M. A.

AU - Chantell, M. C.

AU - Covault, C. E.

AU - Cronin, J. W.

AU - Fick, B. E.

AU - Fortson, L. F.

AU - Fowler, J. F.

AU - Gibbs, K. G.

AU - Glasmacher, M. A.K.

AU - Green, K. D.

AU - Kleda, D. B.

AU - Matthews, J.

AU - Newport, B. J.

AU - Nitz, D. F.

AU - Ong, R. A.

AU - Rosenberg, L. J.

AU - Sinclair, D.

AU - Van Der Velde, J. C.

PY - 1997

Y1 - 1997

N2 - We have examined 2.4 × 109 events recorded by the Chicago Air Shower Array-Michigan Muon Array (CASA-MIA) experiment for evidence of ultra-high-energy (≳100 TeV) neutral particle and gamma-ray emissions from the Crab Nebula and Pulsar between 1990 March 4 and 1995 October 9. No such emissions have been detected. Over this interval, the 90% confidence level integral flux limits for continuous emission above 141 TeV are 2.08 × 10-14 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle (which can produce a detectable air shower) and 9.21 × 10-15 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence of transient emission on timescales of 1 day or longer. The 90% confidence level integral flux limit for emission on a single day is conservatively estimated to be 4.40 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle and 5.09 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence for emission from the pulsar at the radio period on intervals of 1 day or longer. The 2 σ (97.7% confidence) limit on the pulsed flux on the most significant day is 3.29 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, and 8.31 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. For an interval of 162 sidereal days beginning 1992 March 1, the pulsed flux limit was 2.39 × 10-13 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, again above 141 TeV.

AB - We have examined 2.4 × 109 events recorded by the Chicago Air Shower Array-Michigan Muon Array (CASA-MIA) experiment for evidence of ultra-high-energy (≳100 TeV) neutral particle and gamma-ray emissions from the Crab Nebula and Pulsar between 1990 March 4 and 1995 October 9. No such emissions have been detected. Over this interval, the 90% confidence level integral flux limits for continuous emission above 141 TeV are 2.08 × 10-14 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle (which can produce a detectable air shower) and 9.21 × 10-15 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence of transient emission on timescales of 1 day or longer. The 90% confidence level integral flux limit for emission on a single day is conservatively estimated to be 4.40 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle and 5.09 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence for emission from the pulsar at the radio period on intervals of 1 day or longer. The 2 σ (97.7% confidence) limit on the pulsed flux on the most significant day is 3.29 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, and 8.31 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. For an interval of 162 sidereal days beginning 1992 March 1, the pulsed flux limit was 2.39 × 10-13 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, again above 141 TeV.

KW - Gamma rays: observations

KW - ISM: individual (Crab Nebula) pulsars: individual (Crab Pulsar)

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U2 - 10.1086/304042

DO - 10.1086/304042

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:21744441167

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 481

SP - 313

EP - 326

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1 PART I

ER -

A search for ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the crab nebula and pulsar

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