A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Kari A. Sweeney; Dee N. Dao; Michael F. Goldberg; Tsungda Hsu; Manjunatha M. Venkataswamy; Marcela Henao-Tamayo; Diane Ordway; Rani S. Sellers; Paras Jain; Bing Chen; Mei Chen; John Kim; Regy Lukose; John Chan; Ian M. Orme; Steven A. Porcelli; William R. Jacobs

doi:10.1038/nm.2420

A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Kari A. Sweeney, Dee N. Dao, Michael F. Goldberg, Tsungda Hsu, Manjunatha M. Venkataswamy, Marcela Henao-Tamayo, Diane Ordway, Rani S. Sellers, Paras Jain, Bing Chen, Mei Chen, John Kim, Regy Lukose, John Chan, Ian M. Orme, Steven A. Porcelli, William R. Jacobs

Microbiology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

178 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the involvement of an evolutionarily conserved set of mycobacterial genes, the esx-3 region, in evasion of bacterial killing by innate immunity. Whereas high-dose intravenous infections of mice with the rapidly growing mycobacterial species Mycobacterium smegmatis bearing an intact esx-3 locus were rapidly lethal, infection with an M. smegmatis Î "esx-3 mutant (here designated as the IKE strain) was controlled and cleared by a MyD88-dependent bactericidal immune response. Introduction of the orthologous Mycobacterium tuberculosis esx-3 genes into the IKE strain resulted in a strain, designated IKEPLUS, that remained susceptible to innate immune killing and was highly attenuated in mice but had a marked ability to stimulate bactericidal immunity against challenge with virulent M. tuberculosis. Analysis of these adaptive immune responses indicated that the highly protective bactericidal immunity elicited by IKEPLUS was dependent on CD4 ⁺ memory T cells and involved a distinct shift in the pattern of cytokine responses by CD4 ⁺ cells. Our results establish a role for the esx-3 locus in promoting mycobacterial virulence and also identify the IKE strain as a potentially powerful candidate vaccine vector for eliciting protective immunity to M. tuberculosis.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1261-1268
Number of pages	8
Journal	Nature Medicine
Volume	17
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2420
State	Published - Oct 2011

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge the support of US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants AI063537, AI093649, AI092448, AI26170 and AI051519 (Einstein Center for AIDS Research), and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery. K.A.S. acknowledges support from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine’s Institutional AIDS Training Grant T32-AI007501. We thank C. Harding, L. Ramachandra, G. Lauvau and S. Morris for advice and suggestions, as well as C. Colon-Berezin and S. Tiwari for helpful editing of the manuscript. Flow cytometry studies were carried out using core facilities supported by the Einstein Cancer Center (NIH/National Cancer Institute CA013330) and the Einstein Center for AIDS Research (NIH AI051519).

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Sweeney, K. A., Dao, D. N., Goldberg, M. F., Hsu, T., Venkataswamy, M. M., Henao-Tamayo, M., Ordway, D., Sellers, R. S., Jain, P., Chen, B., Chen, M., Kim, J., Lukose, R., Chan, J., Orme, I. M., Porcelli, S. A., & Jacobs, W. R. (2011). A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nature Medicine, 17(10), 1261-1268. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2420

Sweeney, KA, Dao, DN, Goldberg, MF, Hsu, T, Venkataswamy, MM, Henao-Tamayo, M, Ordway, D, Sellers, RS, Jain, P, Chen, B, Chen, M, Kim, J, Lukose, R, Chan, J, Orme, IM, Porcelli, SA & Jacobs, WR 2011, 'A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis', Nature Medicine, vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 1261-1268. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2420

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title = "A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis",

abstract = "We report the involvement of an evolutionarily conserved set of mycobacterial genes, the esx-3 region, in evasion of bacterial killing by innate immunity. Whereas high-dose intravenous infections of mice with the rapidly growing mycobacterial species Mycobacterium smegmatis bearing an intact esx-3 locus were rapidly lethal, infection with an M. smegmatis {\^I} {"}esx-3 mutant (here designated as the IKE strain) was controlled and cleared by a MyD88-dependent bactericidal immune response. Introduction of the orthologous Mycobacterium tuberculosis esx-3 genes into the IKE strain resulted in a strain, designated IKEPLUS, that remained susceptible to innate immune killing and was highly attenuated in mice but had a marked ability to stimulate bactericidal immunity against challenge with virulent M. tuberculosis. Analysis of these adaptive immune responses indicated that the highly protective bactericidal immunity elicited by IKEPLUS was dependent on CD4 + memory T cells and involved a distinct shift in the pattern of cytokine responses by CD4 + cells. Our results establish a role for the esx-3 locus in promoting mycobacterial virulence and also identify the IKE strain as a potentially powerful candidate vaccine vector for eliciting protective immunity to M. tuberculosis.",

author = "Sweeney, {Kari A.} and Dao, {Dee N.} and Goldberg, {Michael F.} and Tsungda Hsu and Venkataswamy, {Manjunatha M.} and Marcela Henao-Tamayo and Diane Ordway and Sellers, {Rani S.} and Paras Jain and Bing Chen and Mei Chen and John Kim and Regy Lukose and John Chan and Orme, {Ian M.} and Porcelli, {Steven A.} and Jacobs, {William R.}",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the support of US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants AI063537, AI093649, AI092448, AI26170 and AI051519 (Einstein Center for AIDS Research), and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery. K.A.S. acknowledges support from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine{\textquoteright}s Institutional AIDS Training Grant T32-AI007501. We thank C. Harding, L. Ramachandra, G. Lauvau and S. Morris for advice and suggestions, as well as C. Colon-Berezin and S. Tiwari for helpful editing of the manuscript. Flow cytometry studies were carried out using core facilities supported by the Einstein Cancer Center (NIH/National Cancer Institute CA013330) and the Einstein Center for AIDS Research (NIH AI051519).",

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AU - Venkataswamy, Manjunatha M.

AU - Henao-Tamayo, Marcela

AU - Ordway, Diane

AU - Sellers, Rani S.

AU - Jain, Paras

AU - Chen, Bing

AU - Chen, Mei

AU - Kim, John

AU - Lukose, Regy

AU - Chan, John

AU - Orme, Ian M.

AU - Porcelli, Steven A.

AU - Jacobs, William R.

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PY - 2011/10

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N2 - We report the involvement of an evolutionarily conserved set of mycobacterial genes, the esx-3 region, in evasion of bacterial killing by innate immunity. Whereas high-dose intravenous infections of mice with the rapidly growing mycobacterial species Mycobacterium smegmatis bearing an intact esx-3 locus were rapidly lethal, infection with an M. smegmatis Î "esx-3 mutant (here designated as the IKE strain) was controlled and cleared by a MyD88-dependent bactericidal immune response. Introduction of the orthologous Mycobacterium tuberculosis esx-3 genes into the IKE strain resulted in a strain, designated IKEPLUS, that remained susceptible to innate immune killing and was highly attenuated in mice but had a marked ability to stimulate bactericidal immunity against challenge with virulent M. tuberculosis. Analysis of these adaptive immune responses indicated that the highly protective bactericidal immunity elicited by IKEPLUS was dependent on CD4 + memory T cells and involved a distinct shift in the pattern of cytokine responses by CD4 + cells. Our results establish a role for the esx-3 locus in promoting mycobacterial virulence and also identify the IKE strain as a potentially powerful candidate vaccine vector for eliciting protective immunity to M. tuberculosis.

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A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Abstract

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