Abstract
We review a new perspective on addiction as due to failure modes of decision-making networks. In a sense, this suggests that addiction is a symptom that can arise from any of a number of potential underlying vulnerabilities. We identify four primary action-selection systems and review how multiple deficits (or "failure modes") of these systems can lead to continued harmful dysfunction typically identified as addiction. These methods have shaped a new generation of tools for studying the etiology of neuropsychiatric dysfunction. These tools are aimed at identifying specific failure modes so that treatments can be individualized for specific patients. Moving beyond dysfunction, we also review how a computational understanding of treatment paradigms can reveal their interaction with these multiple decision systems, which can suggest ways to identify the patients most likely to be helped by treatments and ways to improve the treatments themselves.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Computational Psychiatry |
| Subtitle of host publication | Mathematical Modeling of Mental Illness |
| Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
| Pages | 199-217 |
| Number of pages | 19 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780128098264 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780128098257 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2018 |
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Keywords
- Addiction
- Computational psychiatry
- Decision-making
- Gambling
- Neuroeconomics
- Substance abuse
- Treatments for addiction
Cite this
A Case Study in Computational Psychiatry : Addiction as Failure Modes of the Decision-Making System. Addiction as Failure Modes of the Decision-Making System. / Walters, Cody J.; Redish, David.
Computational Psychiatry: Mathematical Modeling of Mental Illness. Elsevier Inc., 2018. p. 199-217.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - A Case Study in Computational Psychiatry
T2 - Addiction as Failure Modes of the Decision-Making System. Addiction as Failure Modes of the Decision-Making System.
AU - Walters, Cody J.
AU - Redish, David
PY - 2018/1/1
Y1 - 2018/1/1
N2 - We review a new perspective on addiction as due to failure modes of decision-making networks. In a sense, this suggests that addiction is a symptom that can arise from any of a number of potential underlying vulnerabilities. We identify four primary action-selection systems and review how multiple deficits (or "failure modes") of these systems can lead to continued harmful dysfunction typically identified as addiction. These methods have shaped a new generation of tools for studying the etiology of neuropsychiatric dysfunction. These tools are aimed at identifying specific failure modes so that treatments can be individualized for specific patients. Moving beyond dysfunction, we also review how a computational understanding of treatment paradigms can reveal their interaction with these multiple decision systems, which can suggest ways to identify the patients most likely to be helped by treatments and ways to improve the treatments themselves.
AB - We review a new perspective on addiction as due to failure modes of decision-making networks. In a sense, this suggests that addiction is a symptom that can arise from any of a number of potential underlying vulnerabilities. We identify four primary action-selection systems and review how multiple deficits (or "failure modes") of these systems can lead to continued harmful dysfunction typically identified as addiction. These methods have shaped a new generation of tools for studying the etiology of neuropsychiatric dysfunction. These tools are aimed at identifying specific failure modes so that treatments can be individualized for specific patients. Moving beyond dysfunction, we also review how a computational understanding of treatment paradigms can reveal their interaction with these multiple decision systems, which can suggest ways to identify the patients most likely to be helped by treatments and ways to improve the treatments themselves.
KW - Addiction
KW - Computational psychiatry
KW - Decision-making
KW - Gambling
KW - Neuroeconomics
KW - Substance abuse
KW - Treatments for addiction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85049371132&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85049371132&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-809825-7.00008-0
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-809825-7.00008-0
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85049371132
SN - 9780128098257
SP - 199
EP - 217
BT - Computational Psychiatry
PB - Elsevier Inc.
ER -